Yeast Lipidomics

The networks of GPL biosynthesis pathways present in animals and plants are different from those of yeast or bacteria and thus they are separately illustrated (Figure 16.1). The gene(s) and protein(s) involved in each biosynthesis pathway can be found in review articles (e.g., [7]). It is important to recognize the cell type of a study prior to interpreting lipidomics data. 

Similar to the case of plant lipidomics (see Chapter 18), as development of lipidomics, MS-based lipidomics approaches for analysis of lipids present in yeast and bacteria have also been advanced accordingly. The branch of lipidomics in analysis of yeast membrane lipids was particularly named as yeast lipidomics. Of course, all types of MS-based lipidomics approaches as described early in the book (Chapter 3), particularly those based on ESI-MS or ESI-MS/MS, could be used for the studies of yeast and mycobacterium lipidomes. 

One of the yeasts, which were investigated the best, is the common bakers yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, for which both complete genome and detailed protein data sets are available. S. cerevisiae contains a relatively simple, but conserved network of lipid metabolism/catabohsm pathways. This network controls the synthesis of hundreds of lipid molecular species [1], and therefore its full lipidome. As compared in Chapter 16, the biosynthesis and metabohsm of GPLs in the yeasts are very similar to those of higher eukaryotes, with three main exceptions. 

In this chapter, a general protocol for analysis of yeast lipidome by MS is described, followed by the examples for the analysis of yeast lipidomes. The applications of yeast lipidomics for determining the lipid phenotypes of yeast gene mutation and deletion are also discussed. 

Protocol for Analysis of Yeast Lipidomes by Mass Spectrometry... 

An extensive protocol for analysis of yeast lipidomes by MS was described [16]. This protocol should be very helpful for anyone who would like to perform yeast... 

Comparative Lipidomics Studies on Different Yeast Strains... 

The yeasts contain a less complex mixture of fatty acids (lack of PUFA unless supplied with nutritional sources) than mammalian cells, which makes the yeast only a few hundred lipid species in its lipidome [19, 35], in comparison to thousands in mammalian cells [1, 36],... 

Determining the Effects of Growth Conditions on Yeast Lipidomes... 

The progression through the growth phase (i.e., from early logarithmic to stationary phase) caused remarkable changes in the cellular lipidome. This was manifest with the very distant cluster formed by lipidomes of the mid-log (OD3.5), early stationary (OD6), and late stationary (ODstat) yeast cultures. 

Hein, E.M. and Hayen, H. (2012) Comparative lipidomic profiling of S. cerevisiae and four other hemiascomycetous yeasts. Metabolites 2, 254-267. 

Klose, C., Surma, M.A., Gerl, M.J., Meyenhofer, R, Shevchenko, A. and Simons, K. (2012) Flexibility of a eukaryotic lipidome—insights from yeast hpidomics. PLoS One 7, e35063. 

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