Linguistic labels

Figure 10.9 assumes that the output window contains seven fuzzy sets with the same linguistic labels as the input fuzzy sets. If the universe of discourse for the control signal u(t) is 9, then the output window is as shown in Figure 10.10. 

This may all seem rather obvious but it should be noted that this approach differs from more traditional approaches where databases were labelled with general linguistic labels (e.g. POS tags), and used for a variefy of purposes besides training TTS components. By labelling just the type of information required by contrast, the database is more relevant to purpose to which it is put. 

Chen, Z., and D. Ben-Arieh, On the fusion of multi-granularity linguistic label sets in group decision making," Computers and Industrial Engineering, 51(3), 2006. 

Each neuron in this layer corresponds to a linguistic label. The crisp inputs xj and X2 are fuzzified by using membership functions of the linguistic variables, and fi,. Usually, triangular, trapezoid or Gaussian membership curves are used. For example, the Gaussian membership function is defined by ... 

Another instructive scenario may be found when considering the metalation of arenes. There are two distinct mechanisms for the metalation of aromatic C-H bonds - electrophilic substitution and concerted oxidative addition (Box2). The classical arene mercuration, known for more than a century, serves to illustrate the electrophilic pathway whereas the metal hydride-catalyzed deuterium labeling of arenes document the concerted oxidative addition mechanism [8, 17]. These two processes differ both in kinetic behavior and regioselectivity and thus we may appreciate the need to differentiate these two types of process. However, the choice of C-H bond activation to designate only one, the oxidative addition pathway, creates a similar linguistic paradox. Indeed, it is hard to argue that the C-H bond in the cationic cr-complex is not activated. 

In such rules, X and Y and Z are linguistic variables whose values, e.g., small, medium, and large, are words rather than numbers. In effect, the values of linguistic variables are labels for fuzzy sets. It is understood that the membership functions of these sets must be specified in context. Usually, the membership functions are assumed to be triangular or trapezoidal. 

Analytical labeller also known as expert labelling is performed by a labeller following rules and using a linguistic theory. In general it is error prone and best avoided. 

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