Line-tracing test

The line-tracing test (LTT) is used to determine the accuracy of a person s fine motor control. A test sheet (s. fig. 10.3) shows a relatively complex road map , 5 mm in width (corresponding to a 2.5 m wide lane). The patient is asked to trace this not-so-easy path with a pencil from start to finish, as quickly as possible, without going over the edges. The number of errors provides a semiquantitative assessment. In addition, the respective number of points can be recorded in the score sheet, (s. tab. 10.10)... 

Fig. 10.3 Line-tracing test (LTT) using a difScult path, 5 mm in width...

Tab. 10.10 Assessment criteria for the line-tracing test and star-construction test...

Detected rotational H2 and ro-vibrational CO, CO2, C2H2, HCN, as well as H2O and OH lines trace hot gas in the inner, planet-forming disk zone with T > 300 K (Brittain et al. 2003 Lahuis et al. 2006 Salyk et al. 2008), see Fig. 4.3. These lines are a good measure of temperature and high-energy radiation fields, and presumably sensitive to disk accretion, which could be a stress-test for advanced chemo-dynamical models. In Table 4.1 the various molecules used to study protoplanetary disks are overviewed. 

Sodium is identified by the intense yellow color that sodium compounds impart to a flame or spectroscopically by the characteristic sodium lines. The latter test is extremely sensitive, yet because many materials contain traces of sodium salts as impurities, it is not conclusive evidence of the presence of sodium in any considerable quantity. 

In the present work it has been shown that on-line coupling of flowthrough fractionation in RCC with ICP-EAS detection enables not only the fast and efficient fractionation of trace elements (TE) in environmental solids to be achieved but allows real-time studies on the leaching process be made. A novel five-step sequential extraction scheme was tested in on-line mode. The optimal conditions for the fractionation were chosen. Investigating elution curves provides important information on the efficiency of the reagents used, the leaching time needed for the separation of each fraction, and the potential mobility of HM forms. 

Corrosion products and deposits. All sulfate reducers produce metal sulfides as corrosion products. Sulfide usually lines pits or is entrapped in material just above the pit surface. When freshly corroded surfaces are exposed to hydrochloric acid, the rotten-egg odor of hydrogen sulfide is easily detected. Rapid, spontaneous decomposition of metal sulfides occurs after sample removal, as water vapor in the air adsorbs onto metal surfaces and reacts with the metal sulfide. The metal sulfides are slowly converted to hydrogen sulfide gas, eventually removing all traces of sulfide (Fig. 6.11). Therefore, only freshly corroded surfaces contain appreciable sulfide. More sensitive spot tests using sodium azide are often successful at detecting metal sulfides at very low concentrations on surfaces. 

Fig. 3.1.5 Effects of salt concentration on the activity of Cypridina luciferase (solid lines) and quantum yield (dotted lines). In the activity measurement, Cypridina luciferin (1 pg/ml) was luminesced with a trace amount of luciferase in 2.5 mM HEPES buffer, pH 7.5, containing a salt to be tested, at 20°C. In the measurement of quantum yield, luciferin (1 pg/ml) was luminesced with luciferase (20 pg/ml) in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (for the NaCl data) or MES buffer (for the CaCl2 data), pH 6.7.

Sulfuric acid, formaldehyde, and hydrogen cyanide are pumped into a glass-lined mixer (mixer 1, Ml, of Fig. 13). Particular care is exercised so that the three charge operations are carried out in the order indicated above, to ensure the stability of the mixture at all times. In a separate segment of the plant, ethylenediamine (EDA) and dilute sodium hydroxide are charged and mixed in mixer 3 (M3 in Fig. 13). The solutions from mixer 1 and mixer 3 are pumped to the reactor (REACTOR, Rl, in Fig. 13). When the reaction is complete, the reaction mixture is tested for traces of hydrogen cyanide. Dilute solution of formaldehyde is prepared in mixture 2 and is added to the reaction mbrture, if there is any HCN present. 

Mobile, on-line XRF methods have been tested in the Au exploration targets. Analysis of continuous till and weathered bedrock samples shows clear variation of the contents of pathfinder elements of hydrothermal alteration. Particularly, in the weathered bedrock, the presence of narrow mineralized veins is seen (Fig. 5). One interesting feature is that the indication of the weathered bedrock sources can be traced 2 to 5 m down-ice in the till. These results suggest very short glacial transport of mineralized debris from the bedrock sources. Information on... 

A total of 185 emission lines for both major and trace elements were attributed from each LIBS broadband spectrum. Then background-corrected, summed, and normalized intensities were calculated for 18 selected emission lines and 153 emission line ratios were generated. Finally, the summed intensities and ratios were used as input variables to multivariate statistical chemometric models. A total of 3100 spectra were used to generate Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) models and test sets. 

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