Levopropoxyphene

Levopropoxyphene [2338-37-6] (42), the optical antipode of the dextrorotatory analgetic propoxyphene, is an antitussive without analgetic activity. The 2-naphthalenesulfonate salt has a less unpleasant taste than the hydrochloride salt, and is widely used. Clinical effectiveness has been demonstrated against pathological and artificially induced cough, but the potency is somewhat less than codeine. The compound is reported not to cause addiction. Levopropoxyphene can be prepared (62) by first resolving [ -dimethylamino-CX-methylpropiophenone with dibenzoyl-(+)-tartaric acid. The resolved... 

There are also known cases of drug enantiomers that possess completely different therapeutic properties. The (+)-2/ ,35 -stereoisomer of propoxyphene (dextropropoxyphene) is marketed as an analgesic agent, whereas its enantiomer ( )-(25, 3/ )-propoxyphene (levopropoxyphene) is available as an effective anti-tussive agent [3]. The enantiomers of some chiral drugs are known to possess essentially identical qualitative and quantitative pharmacological activities, for example, the antihistamine promethazine, which is marketed as a racemate [5]. 

Leffler Freytag reaction, 338 Leprosy, 139 Levallorphan, 293 Levarteronol, 63 Levolorphanol, 296 Levonordefrine, 68 Levophenacylmorphan, 294 Levopropoxyphene, 50 Levorphanol, 293 Levothyroxine, 97 Librium , 365 Lidocaine, 16 Lidoflazine, 279 Liothyronine, 97 Lipid-water partition, 3, 21 Lipophilicity, 213 Lorazepam, 368 Lucanthone, 397 Lumisterol, 184 Lyndiol , 186... 

Levopropoxyphene is the L-isomer of the analgesic agonist dextropropoxyphene. Levopropoxyphene is only mildly antitussive and is rarely used. It has no CNS effects. Side effects include dizziness and nausea. It is available as the napsylate derivative (Novrad) and is taken orally in the form of a liquid or less frequently as a capsule. 

The opioid derivatives most commonly used as antitussives are dextromethorphan, codeine, levopropoxyphene, and noscapine (levopropoxyphene and noscapine are not available in the USA). They should be used with caution in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (see Table 31-5). Antitussive preparations usually also contain expectorants to thin and liquefy respiratory secretions. Importantly, due to increasing reports of death in young children taking dextromethorphan in formulations of over-the-counter "cold/cough" medications, its use in children less than 6 years of age has been banned by the FDA. Moreover, due to variations in the metabolism of codeine, its use for any purpose in young children is being reconsidered. 

Levopropoxyphene is the stereoisomer of the weak opioid agonist dextropropoxyphene. It is devoid of opioid effects, although sedation has been described as a side effect. The usual antitussive dose is 50-100 mg every 4 hours. 

Propoxyphene is structurally very similar to methadone and possesses four stereoisomers. Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic with a potency two thirds that of codeine. Levopropoxyphene is an antitussive, but lacks analgesic properties. 

Synonym. Levopropoxyphene Naphthalene-2-sulphonate Proprietary Name. Novrad C22H,9N02,C,oH803S,H20 = 565.7 CAS—5714-90-9 (anhydrous) 55557-30-7 (monohydrate)... 

Levopropoxyphene Napsylate Acetoxy Analog Napsylate Glass, 0.6 M x 3 mm l.D. 3% G2/S1AB Helium 160 FID n-Tricosane USP (p. 706)... 

Levopropoxyphene napsylale. USP Noviad Levopropoxyphene napsylale capsules, USP Levopropoxyphene napsylale oral suspension. USP 50-i(X)mgol levopropoxyphene. as the nap te. every 4 hours ... 

Levoprome methotrimeprazine. levopropicillin propicillin, levopropylcillin potassium propicillin, levopropoxyphene [ban, inn) (levopropoxyphene napsylate [usan) Lilly 29866) is one of the methadone series, the (2/f,35)-(-)-form of propoxyphene. It is an OPIOID RECEPTOR AGONIST, but has very slight OPIOID ANALGESIC activity. It can be used in ANTITUSSIVE preparations, levopropoxyphene napsylate ... 

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