Lenzing lyocell

Other treatments to give specific fibre properties can also be performed -in particular various chemical treatments are used to control fibre fibrillation (e.g. as for the Tencel AlOO and Lenzing lyocell LF grades). 

Eichinger, D., Firgo, H. Rohrer, C. (2002). Lenzing Lyocell - a versatile fiber. Mat. 

Lyocell A papermaking process, based on dissolving wood pulp in N-methyl morpholine. Developed by Courtaulds, but the subject of a patent dispute with Lenzing, Austria, since 1993. Courtaulds has a plant in Mobile, AL, and Lenzing has one in Heiligenkreuz, Austria. 

For synthetic and regenerated fibres, the fibre production (primary spinning) is mainly made by melt spinning (polyester, nylon etc.), dry spinning (elastane etc.) or wet spinning (viscose, lyocell etc.). Lenzing AG has produced carbon footprints of viscose and lyocell fibres and compared these with other fibres (Shen and Patel, 2008 Shen et al., 2010 Terinte et al., 2014 Van der Velden et al., 2014). The production of natural fibres via agriculture or forestry has been studied elsewhere (e.g. Sandin et al., 2013). 

As for viscose fibres, these are mostly produced as staple fibres for textile and nonwoven applications. In 2011, world production was 3.246 million tons [49] while filament yam for textile and technical applications reached 332 000 tons in 2011 [49] with a share of technical yarns of 56 000 tons. Technical viscose fibres, also called rayon or viscose rayon, are used mainly as carcass reinforcing fibres in fast-running and run-flat tyres. Lyocell fibres are produced only as staple and virtually exclusively by Lenzing AG, Austria, with a production capacity of 140 000 tons in 2011 [50]. 

Lenzing obtained a patent in the U.S.A. for a process, some aspects of which had been operated by Coimtaulds for many years, and indeed were used in production at Courtaulds Tencel plant in Alabama. Courtaulds naturally objected, and applied for summary dismissal of both the U.S. and the subsequent European patent. In Ein-ope, the Mimich coind would not allow the Lenzing patent to be dismissed summarily and the case went to trial. Courtaulds won, and Lenz-ing s European patent was disallowed, with no right of appeal. In the U.S.A., the Lenzing patent was summarily dismissed, but Lenzing appealed successfully. At this point the two companies reached a settlement out of court. The lyocell patent... 

Lenzing of Austria commenced production of their lyocell fibre in 1997. This rapid expansion led to a temporary overcapacity and no further production occurred until Lenzing expanded their capacity by 20,000 tonnes per year in 2004. Development of a continuous filament spinning process by AKZO/ Tencel continued throughout the 1990s but has not yet been commercialised because of the decline in the market for filament rayon and the high investment cost required. 

Lyocell fibers were first developed and manufactured as Tencel fiber by Courtaulds Fibers, UK, in the 1980s. Lenzing AG, Austria produces lyocell under the brand name Lyocell by Lenzing. The generic name being lyocell, the fibers are produced under brand names that include Tencel (Acordis,... 

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