Lenz rule

The diamagnetic term local electronic circulations around the nucleus induced by the applied field B0. According to the Lenz rule, the resultant intramolecular field opposes B0, so that the nucleus will be shielded. As known from the Lamb formula, eq. 3.3 [9],... 

The minus sign in this expression corresponds to the general physical law of inertia the induction current in a contour is always directed in a way that opposes the reason of its appearance. This statement is referred to as the Lenz rule. 

In effect of such activity eddy currents in the studied area are induced, producing own magnetic fields which following Lenz s rule are directed adversely to the induction field this decreasing its intensity (Fig. 1). 

Substances having only paired electrons are diamagnetic. When they are introduced into an external magnetic field, a force acts on the electrons, i.e. an electric current is induced. The magnetic field of this current is opposed to the external field (Lenz s rule). As a result, the substance experiences a repulsion by the external magnetic field the repulsive force is rather weak, but ever present. 

This is just the so called vector rule. In general special properties of V give (j J V j) = 0 (for example, in the hydro-genic realization considered in Section VII, V is the Runge-Lenz vector and J V = 0). 

In accordance with the rule of Lenz, the same energy will be released when iron is reconverted back to its ore. So, iron is not a thermodynamically stable metal. Because of this property it is a non-stable metal affected by corrosion, corrosion being the natural tendency of metals to move to their most stable form, for example as the oxide, sulfide and so on [5.51, 5.52]. 

Dr Lipinski s rules for dmglike CNS compounds were presented by him at the Drew University Medicinal Chemistry Special Topics Course in July 1999 and have been published in Pajouhesh, H., Lenz, G.R. Medicinal properties of successful central nervous system drugs. NeuroRx Exp. NeuroTher. 2005,2, 541-553. 

The current tends to inhibit the growth of the phase, so that the latter gains maximum thickness with time and does not grow any more. At that nonequiUbrium vacancies increase this maximum thickness as compared with the case of quasi-equiUbrium vacancies (Figure 2.2). In such a way, nonequiUbrium vacancies damp any outer effects (similar to Lenz s rule in electromagnetism or to the le ChateUer-Braun general principle). 

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