Latrunculia

Latrunculins A and B are macrolides from the sponge Latrunculia magnified. Latrunculin A (>50 11M) binds close to the nucleotide binding site of G-actin and blocks the assembly with F-actin without promoting disassembly. 

Undeterm. Demosp. (likely in the genus Latrunculia) q>inardins A-C (discorhabdin-like pyrroloiminoquinaie alkal.) D Amix osio 1996A... 

Discorhabdin alkaloids, Fig. (31), in contrast, are of high cytotoxicity, but they exhibit no inhibition of topoisomerase II. They were isolated from the Anthartic sponge Latrunculia apicalis [238], and more recently from a deep-water marine sponge of the genus Batzella sp. [239], The new discorhabdin derivative isolated from this sponge showed in vitro cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines. 

Discorhabdins A (8), B (9) and C (10) have been isolated from several sponge species of the genus Latrunculia from New Zealand. They are powerful cytotoxins with IC50 values against the murine leukemia P-388 cell line in the range 0.03 - 0.01 pg/ml. Discorhabdin A has also been isolated from a Japanese sponge of the genus Prianos [29]. 

These complex sulfide-containing pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids consist of the prianosins A-D (52, 53, 56, 57), isolated from the Okinawan Prianos melanos [54, 55], the discorhabdins A and B (52, 54), obtained from three different species of the New Zealand Latrunculia [56], discorhabdin D (57) from Latrunculia brevis and Prianos sp. [57], and discorhabdin Q (55), from Latrunculia purpurea, and several species of... 

The Red Sea sponge Latrunculia corticata (Fig. 3.23) has afforded latrunculino-sides A (1667) and B (1668), which contain the unusual saccharides /i-D-olivose, jS-L-digitoxose, a-L-amicetose, and /i-D-oliose (1630). 

Fig. 3.23 Latrunculia corticata, a Red Sea sponge that contains the latrunculinosides A and B (1667 and 1668) (Photo T. Rezanka)...

Yang A, Baker BJ, Grimwade J, Leonard A, McClintock JB (1995) Discorhabdin Alkaloids from the Antarctic Sponge Latrunculia apicalis. J Nat Prod 58 1596... 

Furrow FB, Amsler CD, McClintock JB, Baker BJ (2003) Surface Sequestration of Chemical Feeding Deterrents in the Antarctic Sponge Latrunculia apicalis as an Optimal Defense Against Sea Star Spongivory. Mar Biol 143 443... 

Rezanka T, Dembitsky VM (2003) Ten-Membered Substituted Cyclic 2-Oxecanone (Deca-lactone) Derivatives from Latrunculia corticata, a Red Sea Sponge. Eur J Org Chem 2144... 

Samaai T, Gibbons MJ, Kelly M, Davies-Coleman M (2003) South African Latrunculiidae (Porifera Demospongiae Poecilosclerida) Descriptions of New Species of Latrunculia du Bocage, Strongylodesma Levi, and Tsitsikamma Samaai Kelly. Zootaxa 371 1... 

Latrunculins A (272) and B (273) are two fish toxins first isolated from the Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica (220,221). Two minor toxins named latrunculins C (274) and D (275) were isolated from the same sponge (222). Latrunculin A (272) was isolated from the Pacific nudibranch Chro-modoris elisabethina (223), and latrunculin B (273) was obtained from a nudibranch Glossodoris quadricolor (224) these nudibranchs are known... 

Discorhabdin and related pigments have been isolated from temperate and tropical sponges of the genera Latrunculia, Prianos, Zyzzya, and Batzella 94 discorhabdin C (Structure 7.11)95 and G (Structure 7.12)38 were recently found in Latrunculia apicalis collected from McMurdo Sound.96 Discorhabdins often bear significant cytotoxicity. Discorhabdin C is perhaps the strongest sea star deterrent studied to date and displays broad spectrum antibiotic activity toward sympatric bacteria.38 96... 

Yang, A., Chemical and biological studies of the antarctic sponge Latrunculia apicalis, Master s thesis, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, 1994. 

The biosynthesis of the halichondrins, a family of compounds isolated from Lissodendoryx sp., was found to be associated with Percoll-enriched fractions of choanocytes and spherulous cells.109 The discorhabdins, isolated from Latrunculia brevis, were also observed to be associated with sponge cells using similar techniques. 

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