Latimer

Ernest O. Lawrence, inventor of the cyclotron) This member of the 5f transition elements (actinide series) was discovered in March 1961 by A. Ghiorso, T. Sikkeland, A.E. Larsh, and R.M. Latimer. A 3-Mg californium target, consisting of a mixture of isotopes of mass number 249, 250, 251, and 252, was bombarded with either lOB or IIB. The electrically charged transmutation nuclei recoiled with an atmosphere of helium and were collected on a thin copper conveyor tape which was then moved to place collected atoms in front of a series of solid-state detectors. The isotope of element 103 produced in this way decayed by emitting an 8.6 MeV alpha particle with a half-life of 8 s. 

Latimer, 1952). Therefore all applied oxidants are, in thermodynamic terms, able to oxidize or to dehydrogenate all hydrocarbons and all oxidizable functional groups of organic molecules. 

Latimer, W. M. 1952, Oxidation Potentials, Prentice-Hall, Englewood ClifTs, NJ Lednicer, D. Mitscher, L. A. 1977 dt 1980, The Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis, Vols. I IT, Wiley New York London... 

W. M. Latimer, The Oxidation States of the Elements and Their Potentials inMqueous Solutions, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1952,... 

The values given in the following table for the heats and free energies of formation of inorganic compounds are derived from a) Bichowsky and Rossini, Thermochemistry of the Chemical Substances, Reinhold, New York, 1936 (h) Latimer, Oxidation States of the Elements and Their Potentials in Aqueous Solution, Prentice-Hall, New York, 1938 (c) the tables of the American Petroleum Institute Research Project 44 at the National Bureau of Standards and (d) the tables of Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties of the National Bureau of Standards. The reader is referred to the preceding books and tables for additional details as to methods of calculation, standard states, and so on. 

Jean M. J. Frechet Department of Chemistry University of California 736 Latimer Hall Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA... 

Erantisek Svec Department of Chemistry 736 Latimer Hall University of California Berkeley, CA 94720-1460 USA... 

Latimer, W. M., Oxidation Materials, Prentice Hall, New Jersey (1952)... 

Latimer, K. G., 2nd Inter. Congress Metal Corrosion, 780 New York City, (1966)... 

Latimer, W. L., Oxidation Potentials, Premice Hall, New York, 191 (1961)... 

Values expressed in this way, taken from a long list published by Latimer, Pitzer, and Smith, arc given in Table 25. It will be seen that... 

The entropy per molecule of liquid water will therefore be 16.75 e.u., divided by Avogadro s constant. We have next to consider the change of entropy when a proton is added to a water molecule to give an (II30)+ ion. It is this quantity that is arbitrarily put equal to zero in Latimer s scale. We see at once that the value that must be allotted to the (HaO)+ ion in Latimer s list is 16.75 e.u. 

It will be seen that the correlation that was found in aqueous solution is now extended to solutes in methyl alcohol. The large increment in the 1 W. M. Latimer and C. M. Slansky, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 62, 2019 (1940). 

IndChem 23, 17—24 (1947) (Ammonia oxidation process and concentration of nitric acid) 37) O.A. Hougen K.M. Watson, Chemical Process Principles , J. Wiley, NY, Combined volume (1947), 224 (Heat capacities of nitric acid) 38) W.M. Latimer J.H. Hildebrand, Reference Book of Inorganic Chemistry , Macmillan, NY (1947), 202-207 39) S. 

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