Lateral flow device advantage

Nanoparticles, e.g., silicon, gold, silver (Dequaire et al., 2000), are often used as materials for protein labeling in immunoassays, especially in lateral flow device (LFD), where they are responsible for visualization of the results. Their advantage lies in the fact that they enhance the optical signal, and reduce the background interference (Schneider et al., 2000 Lochner et al., 2003 Matveeva et al., 2005 Chumbimuni-Torres et al., 2006 Li et al., 1999 Peng et al., 2007a). 

The stop-flow mode can also be operated in a loop storage loop-loop transfer mode. In this case, the LC peaks are stored in a storage device consisting of multiple loops. The analytes are parked in these loops without interrupting the separation. At a later stage the content of the loop is transferred in the LC/ NMR flow cell like in the direct stop-flow mode. This process in two steps has the advantage that no disturbance due to the multiple stops in the separation is recorded and that no limitation due to diffusion effects occms furthermore, the transfer in the loops is completely independent from the NMR measurements and can be made separately. The mode of operation can be completely automated and different series of NMR experiments can be programmed in advance for each analyte of interest. 

Monoliths and microchannel reactors (MRs) are two of the different types of structured reactors. A thin layer of catalyst deposited on stiff 3D structures with channels or macro-pores and high lateral surface is characteristic of these catalytic devices. These structures overcome flow maldistribution, high pressure drop, and diffusional limitations in the pores that are frequently associated with the conventional packed-bed reactors (PBRs) commonly used for catalytic reactions. Compared with PBR, structured reactors have unquestionable advantages not only in lowering pressure drop and decreasing flow maldistribution, which... 

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