Lasers, types wavelength

Tissue Type Wavelength (nm) Relative Strength Laser Type Wavelength (nm)... 

Laser type Wavelength (nm) Pulse duration Energy (mj) Comments... 

Laser type Lasing wavelength >. Efficiency r (%) Mode of operation Typical output power... 

Bis( 1,2-dithiolene) complexes are generally thermally and photochemically very stable, and their Vis-NIR absorption can be tuned in order to reach the wavelength ranges of interest for NIR lasers, such as Nd YAG, Nd YLF, and Er Glass solid-state lasers (emission wavelengths A.em = 1064, 1053, and 1540 nm, respectively). In this context, many groups of researchers have devoted their efforts to synthesising 1,2-dithiolene complexes for this type of application, and indeed some of them have been patented and are commercially... 

Table 1 gives wavelengths and output powers for some important laser types operated in a continuous-wave (cw) or pulsed mode. The pulsed lasers normally have much higher peak powers but there are technical or theoretical limitations of the maximum repetition frequency, which means that their time-averaged intensity is often below that of the cw lasers. 

Laser Type Common Wavelengths ( xm) Maximum Output Power (W)" Applications... 

Wavelength characteristics of available laser types are given in Table I. 

There is no inherent sample size restriction, large or small, but is fixed by the optical components used in the instrument. The diffraction limit of light, roughly a few cubic micrometers depending on the numerical aperture of the optics used and the laser s wavelength, sets the lower bound.7 In a process application, the type of fiber optics used also affects sample volume examined. Macroscopic to microscopic samples can be measured with the appropriate selections of laser wavelength, laser power, and optics. 

The methods of laser welding of fabrics fall into two categories direct welding and transmission welding. These are primarily characterized by the laser type and wavelength, as described in Table 13.16. In transmission laser welding, an absorber material... 

We would like to note that the designing of tunable diode lasers is one of the most promising approaches used for the development of gas analyzers aimed for detection of a spedlic gas (Somesfalean et al. 2005). Gas analyzers based on tunable diode lasers are considerably simpler in comparison with conventional systems. A tunable laser is a laser whose wavelength of operation can be altered in a controlled manner. There are many types and categories of tunable lasers. They exist in the gas, liquid, and solid slates. Among the types of tunable lasers are excimer lasers, COj lasers, dye lasers (liquid and solid slate), transition-metal solid-state lasers, semiconductor crystal and diode lasers, and free-electron lasers (Duarte 1995). 

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