Laser machining

G. Chryssoulouris, Laser Machining Theoy andPractice, Spriuger-Vedag, Berlin, 1991. 

Lanex screen, 173 Langmuir Laboratory, 114 Laser machining, 82 Laser pulse contrast, 173 Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), 149, 165, 169... 

Thin green tapes are cast and microstructured by milling. Alternatively, laser machining or photolithography may be applied [96], Rectangles of the desired size were blanked from these tapes. According to the information given above,... 

The appearances of the holes formed by ultrasonic drilling, laser machining, and sand-blasting are compared in Figure 2.9 [104]. 

FIGURE 2.9 SEM micrographs of micromachined holes in borosilicate glass using three different methods, (a) Ultrasonically drilled hole hole diameter, 500 pm. (b) Laser machined hole hole diameter, 300 pm. (c) Sand-blasted hole hole diameter 1000 pm [104], Reprinted with permission from the Institute of Physics Publishing. 

An infrared C02 laser (1060 nm) was used to cut through a polycarbonate PC (black) (carbon-coated) wafer of 250-pm thickness to create microfluidic channels. The laser-machined black PC wafer was then thermally bonded between two transparent PC wafers at 139°C under two tons of pressure for 45 min [937], A C02 laser was also used to ablate Mylar sheets (with adhesive). Then the machined Mylar sheets were laminated together [1051]. Moreover, a PMMA substrate was machined by a C02 laser [201,202]. However, the microchannel ( 200 pm deep) has a Gaussian-like cross section and a certain degree of surface roughness [201], The C02 laser has also been used to machine PET substrates [203],... 

Roberts, M.A., Rossier, J.S., Bercier, P., Girault, H., UV laser machined polymer substrates for the development of microdiagnostic systems. Anal. Chem. 1997, 69(11), 2035-2042. 

Goranovic, G., Klank, H., Westergaard, C., Geschke, O., Telleman, P., Kutter, J.R, Characterization of flow in laser-machined polymeric microchannels. Micro Total Analysis Systems, Proceedings 5th p7AS Symposium, Monterey, CA, Oct. 21-25,... 

Another problem of the microscale is the surface quality of the single parts of a device. Burr formation generated by mechanical micromachining or laser machining... 

Klein RM, Dahmen M, Putz H, et al. 1998. Workplace exposure during laser machining. Journal of Laser Applications 10(3) 99-105. 

All these effects are accomplished with no physical contact between the laser and the workpiece. The laser beam has only to focus on the area in which it is to work. Thus laser may easily work areas accessible only with difficulty by conventional tooling and no drill chips are left behind to contaminate or scratch the material. The material removed in laser machining operations frequently is in the form of fine dust that is removed from the area by a suction system. 

Laser machining is based on the local supply of energy to materials. 

In this chapter, a couple of recent experimental results obtained for the femtosecond laser machining of inorganic dielectrics and organic polymers are... 

Bulk M didn t make instruments so LIGA and laser machining are attempted now. ... 

M. F. Modest, Three-Dimensional, Transient Model for Laser Machining of Ablating/Decompos-ing Materials, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 39, pp. 221-234,1996. 

The structure of laser machine for forming of 2D-, and 3D objects in transparent materials (like glass, and other transparent dielectrics), which was jointly developed by JE Lotis Til and Laboratory of Mathematic Modeling and... 

Information Technologies of Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, is shown on Fig. 1. It consists of personal computer (1) with specialized software, laser system (4), which includes optic units (5)-(8), laser controller (3), coordinate system (10) with processing object (9), and controller of coordinate system (11). This laser machine was successfully used to form dotty 2D and 3D micro-objects with a pulse laser. Topological possibilities of machines of such type in full measme depend on the used laser, as well as on the software, which includes a set of algorithms for eoordinated control of laser and coordinate system. 

Chryssolouris, G. (1991). Laser machining Theory and preactice. New York Springer. 

Laser machining Plasma spraying Ion implantation Coating... 

Cost at scale Ceramic processing typically involves high tanperatures, which requires expensive furnaces. Automation, lay-up, SCTeen printing, tape casting, and laser machining have all been considered. 

Laser machining where a laser used for structuring is integrated with a laser employed for measurement (Schmitt et al. 2011)... 

Laser Beam Machining, Fig.1 Overview of laser machining processes and their typical laser-matter interaction times and power densities. The red line marks the 1 kJ/cm energy density level, where most processes are distributed. The dotted line indicates the melt boundary of metals (Reprinted from Meijer et al. (2002), with permission from Elsevier)... 

In industrial applications, laser machining approaches are generally classified in imaging and writing techniques. The imaging techniques are based oti projection of a mask onto the surface of a workpiece. The process resolutimi of the imaging system is diffraction limited and can be estimated by the equation ... 

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