Larson and Buswell

For the calculations, averages of the results of the two 5. -equilibrium models of Ca2+ = 35 p.p.m., Mg2+ = 7 p.p.m., and alkalinity = 1.55 X 10 3 equiv./liter are used. Solubility data of Larson and Buswell (11), carbon dioxide solubility data of Hamed and Davies (2), and the carbonate ionization data of Hamed and Hammer (3) and Hamed and Scholes (4) are used. Linear interpolations are made for dolomite between pK(soly) = 16.3(5°C.) and 17.0(25°C.). Equations outlining the calcite and dolomite calculations are ... 

Other indices proposed that have tried to overcome the basic limitations of LSI include the Stiff and Davies Saturation Index, Larson and Buswell Index, Puckorius (Practical) Scale Index, Oddo-Tomson Index, and Larson-Skold Corrosivity Index, some of which are discussed briefly here. 

Temperature-dependent equilibrium constants for carbonate are shown in table 13.1 (Larson and Buswell, 1942). Equations 13.4 and 13.5 can result in more alkaline waters due to the generation of OH- this is typical of what may be found in lakes and streams due to high carbonates in the drainage basin. The percolation of H2O through soils results in the enrichment of CO2 from plant and microbial decay processes forming H2CO3 which can... 

Calculated from K2 as reported by Harned and Scholes and K2 as reported by Larson and Buswell. Values above 40°C have been extrapolated. (Source Federal Register, 1980) (J. E. Singley, B. A. Beaudet, P. H. Markey, et al. Corrosion Prevention and Control in Water Treatment Supply System, Noyes Publications, N.J.(1985). 

Larson, T.E. and Buswell, A.M., Calcium carbonation saturation index and alkalinity interpretations, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 34, 1667-1684, 1942. 

Source. T. E. Larson and A, M. Buswell, "Calcium Carbonate Saturation Index and Alkalinity Interpretations," J. Amer. Water Works Assoc., 34, 1664 (1942). 

---