Lanthanide complexes applications

Again, however, this is strictly applicable only for free ions. Even though spin-orbit coupling is much less important for the first row of the d block, this formula provides a far less good approximation for d -block complexes than Eq. (5.6) does for lanthanide complexes. The reason is that the ground, and other, terms in these d complexes differ grossly from those of the corresponding free ion. These differences are one result of the crystal field. 

Homoleptic lanthanide(III) tris(amidinates) and guanidinates are among the longest known lanthanide complexes containing these chelating ligands. In this area the carbodiimide insertion route is usually not applicable, as simple, well-defined lanthanide tris(alkyls) and tris(dialkylamides) are not readily available. A notable exception is the formation of homoleptic lanthanide guanidinates from... 

Potential Applications for the Use of Lanthanide Complexes as Luminescent Biolabels Graham R. Motson, Jean S. Fleming and Sally Brooker... 

Hunt s group (50, 51) have pioneered the application of the Cl source to organometallics such as the iron tricarbonyl complex of heptafulvene, whose electron impact spectrum shows (M—CO)+ as the heaviest ion, in contrast to the methane Cl spectrum with the ion as base peak. Boron hydrides (52) and borazine (53) have also been studied. The methane Cl spectrum of arenechromium and -molybdenum (54) show protonation at the metal giving a protonated parent or molecular ion. Risby et al. have studied the isobutane Cl mass spectra of lanthanide 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionates[Ln(thd)3] (55) and 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-7,7-dimethyl-4,6-oetanedione [H(fod)] lanthanide complexes (56). These latter complexes have been suggested as a means of analysis for the lanthanide elements. 

POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS FOR THE USE OF LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES AS LUMINESCENT BIOLABELS... 

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