Ladle refining furnaces

HBI is an effective trim coolant for molten steel in ladle metallurgy faciUties, ladle refiners, ladle furnaces, and vacuum degassers. It provides cold iron units in an ideal size and density for penetrating the ladle slag and cooling the metal. 

Ladle metallurgical furnace (LMF) processes are used to refine molten steel from the BOF or EAF prior to ingot or continuous casting. These processes include the following steps ... 

Figure 22-9 A representation of the basic oxygen process furnace. Much of the steel manufactured today is refined by blowing oxygen through a furnace that is charged with scrap and molten iron from a blast furnace. After the refined iron is withdrawn into a ladle, alloying elements are added to produce the desired steel. The steel industry is one of the nation s largest consumers of oxygen.

The coreless induction furnace is used for melting but cannot be used for refining. Therefore, in steel foundries the induction furnace has to be charged with raw materials of the correct chemical composition, i.e. that corresponding to the required composition of the melt hence steel scrap is mainly used. If necessary, the metal can be refined after melting in an AOD converter or in special treatment ladles (see Section 2.4.12). 

CAS 68439-86-1 EINECS/ELINCS 215-145-7 Uses For casting of refined copper, copper alloy, and aluminum as protective coating on ladles, troughs, etc. made from fused silica ceramic fiber, calcium silicate, castable all metal equip, and tools exposed to molten metal (ladles, sow molds, ingot molds, metal troughs) floor areas around mold stations, furnaces, ladles Features High heat transfer resist. 

Conventional blast furnace process. The graded sintered calcine obtained earlier is mixed with coke and limestone acting as flux and fed into the top of the blast furnace, where it is smelted using preheated air introduced at the bottom. The reduction processes yields a lead bullion, that is, an impure lead metal containing gold and silver as well as antimony, arsenic, copper, tin, and zinc. Lead bulhon is tapped off from the bottom of the furnace and either cast into ingots or collected molten in ladles for transfer to the refining process. 

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