Knowledge opportunity

The target molecule above contains a chiral center. An enantioselective synthesis can therefore be developed We use this opportunity to summarize our knowledge of enantioselective reactions. They are either alkylations of carbanions or addition reactions to C = C or C = 0 double bonds ... 

Catalysis is a broad, complex subject that is documented in many and varied sources. The field is rich in opportunity, in part because there is so much information that it is possible to find nuggets that competitors miss. Industrial catalysis is a competitive field, and much practical knowledge is proprietary. 

Sources of Information The successful development and implementation of any pollution prevention program is not only dependent on a thorough understanding of the facility s operations but also reqmres an intimate knowledge of current opportunities and advances in the field. In fact, 32 percent of industry respondents to an EPA sui vey identified the lack of technical information as a major factor delaying or preventing the implementation of a waste-... 

Modern petro/chemical processes provide the opportunity for gathering a large number of measurements automatically and frequently. Most are redundant and provide little additional insight into unit performance. The difficulties in handling a large amount of information with httle intimate knowledge of the operation increases the hkeli-hood that some of the conclusions drawn will be erroneous. 

A tolling project is an opportunity for knowledge enhancement for both parties. It is not only an opportunity, but it is a responsibility. 

Designs should be based on knowledge of what the human body (and human nature) will do. Include educated operators in design reviews. The HAZOP methodology for process hazard analysis offers an excellent opportunity to identify design and procedural opportunities for inherently safer systems. After all, the OP in HAZOP stands for operability (COPS, 1992). For example, a safe start-up procedure that requires the operator to walk up and down the stairs three times to manipulate valves in the correct sequence can be made inherently safer by locating the valves so that operator has to walk up the stairs only once during the start-up. 

Usually there is no opportunity to repeat the measurements to determine the experimental variance or standard deviation. This is the most common situation encountered in field measurements. Each measurement is carried out only once due to restricted resources, and because field-measured quantities are often unstable, repetition to determine the spread is not justified. In such cases prior knowledge gained in a laboratory with the same or a similar meter and measurement approach could be used. The second alternative is to rely on the specifications given by the instrument manufacturer, although instrumenr manufacturers do not normally specify the risk level related to the confidence limits they are giving. 

As nations become more economically mature, two effects arc typically seen. One, the rate of economic growth necessarily slows, as the base ot economic activity expands and opportunities for easy expansion become more scarce. Two, the use of energy becomes more efficient as consumers and manufacturers become more knowledgeable about its use, and technological progress enables economic output to be produced with less energy input. 

Thomson Throughout this chapter, there are opportunities for online self-study, linking you to interactive tutorials based on your level of understanding. Sign in at www.thomsonedu.com to view organic chemistry tutorials and simulations, develop problem-solving skills, and test your knowledge with these interactive self-study... 

We will now deal with quite sophisticated issues concerning reactor design and performance. Although we deal with these in a sympathetic manner, you may find it useful to refresh your knowledge by reading more about bioreactors. The BIOTOL series offers opportunities to learn more about fermentors. 

The objective is not for mentors to impress their knowledge on mentees and to expect them to store it imquestioningly the aim is to provide opportunities for mentees to reflect on their mentor s input, assembling and assimilating it as is personally relevant. 

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