Kinetic energy transfer

The evidence in Figure 2 for a kinetic energy threshold for reaction of excited H2+ with He does not support the assumption of a kinetic energy transfer process for the excitation of reactant H2+ with v < 5 in reactive collisions with He. If such processes were probable, a drastic change in the maximum value of Q or k might be expected. The transfer of less than 0.5 e.v. of kinetic to internal energy would add quantum states with v = 3 and 4 to the inventory of available H2 + reactant and increase the maximum value of k by a factor of 2. 

Reactions of Complex Ions. For reactions of systems containing H2 or HD the failure to observe an E 1/2 dependence of reaction cross-section was probably the result of the failure to include all products of ion-molecule reaction in the calculation of the experimental cross-sections. For reactions of complex molecule ions where electron impact ionization probably produces a distribution of vibrationally excited states, kinetic energy transfer can readily open channels which yield products obscured by primary ionization processes. In such cases an E n dependence of cross-section may be determined frequently n = 1 has been found. 

In order to express the importance of the ions to the growth process quantitatively, two related quantities can be defined the fraction of arriving ions per deposited atom, / , and the kinetic energy transferred by ions per deposited atom, Emd, - These quantities are used in ion-beam-assisted deposition in order to relate material properties to ion flux and energy [421]. Their definition is... 

Kerma (k)—A measure of the kinetic energy transferred from gamma rays or neutrons to a unit mass of absorbing medium in the initial collision between the radiation and the absorber atoms. The SI unit is J/kg. The special name of this unit is the rad (traditional system of units) or Gray (SI). 

Impact Number j qU0 2Ach TL-T ) Compare kinetic energy transfer rate to heat extraction rate Matson et al. [409]... 

The milling in ball mills can be described as kinetic processing when the contact of the balls with the material is the main event of kinetic energy transfer from the... 

In the case of colloid systems (particles or droplets), the kinetic energy transferred on collision will be thus kBX = 10-20 J. However, at a given moment, there is a high probability that a particle may have a larger or smaller energy. Further, the probability of total energy several times kBX (over 10 times kBX) thus becomes very... 

Heat, in turn, is the amount of kinetic energy transferred from one object to another as the result of a temperature difference between them. Rapidly moving molecules in the hotter object collide with more slowly moving molecules in the colder object, transferring kinetic energy and causing the slower-moving molecules to speed up. 

The collection of eddies that appear for identical reasons is called eddy group in this section. When the cascade process of turbulent kinetic energy transfer is considered, it can be understood that the smallest eddy group, that is, the basic eddy group, is determined naturally for an individual fluid, according to its property of viscosity. 

Another possibility is that the heavier mass of the Si may tend to block the kinetic energy transfer between the two parts of the molecule. (There... 

Solid concentration profiles are produced from a balance of gravitational with buoyancy and kinetic energy transfer forces. For a single particle in a stagnant liquid, the settling velocity,... 

The maximum kinetic energy transferred to the daughter atom in the jS-decay, expressed in eV, and assuming no angular correlation between the emitted j3-particle and the antineutrino, is given by the expression (Wu, 1965) ... 

The surface layer in Fig. 4 will be heated as a result of the energetic ion impact, since the lateral boundaries are periodic and the bottom layers are fixed. The kinetic energy transferred from the impinging ion to the surface will also result in bonds broken, movement of atoms on and within the layer. 

Michaels C A and Flynn G W 1997 Connecting scattering data directly to chemical kinetics energy transfer... 

More realistic kinetic behavior in implicit solvent simulations can be obtained with the Langevin thermostat [18] where stochastic collisions and friction forces provide kinetic energy transfer to and from the solute in an analogous fashion to explicit solute-solvent interactions. As a result, kinetic transition rates similar to rates from explicit solvent simulations can be recovered with an appropriate choice of the friction constant [2]. 

Energy transfer dtrring the elastic collisions is possible only as a transfer of kinetic energy. The average fraction y of kinetic energy, transferred from one particle of mass m to another one of mass M, is equal to... 

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