Kinesins anterograde transport

Kinesins mediate anterograde transport in a variety of organisms and tissues 495... 

Kinesins mediate anterograde transport in a variety of organisms and tissues. Since its discovery, much has been learned about the biochemical, pharmacological and molecular properties of kinesin [44, 45], Kinesin is the most abundant member of the kinesin family in vertebrates and is widely distributed in neuronal and nonneuronal cells. The holoenzyme is a heterotetramer comprising two heavy chains (115-130 kDa) and two light... 

Cytoplasmic dyneins may have multiple roles in the neuron. The identification of kinesin as a plus-end directed microtubule motor suggested that it is involved in anterograde transport but left the identity of the retrograde motor an open question. Since flagellar dynein was known to be a minus-end-directed motor, interest in cytoplasmic dyneins was renewed. Identification of the cytoplasmic form of dynein in nervous tissue came as an indirect result of the discovery of kinesin. 

Fast anterograde transport can reach rates as high as 400 mm/day. It is dependent upon microtubules that provide a track along which the vesicles move. The movement is energy dependent and is mediated by a specific motor protein, kinesin. A similar process is responsible for fast retrograde transport. A second motor protein, dynein, is needed for movement in that direction. A third type of transport process is termed slow axoplasmic transport. It ranges from 0.2 to 5 mm/day and is responsible for the transport of cytoskeletal proteins, the neurofilaments, and microtubules, as well as an assortment of cytoplasmic proteins. 

Kinesin I Powers Anterograde Transport of Vesicles in Axons... 

A FIGURE 20-23 General model of kinesin- and dynein-mediated transport in a typical cell. The array of microtubules, with their (+) ends pointing toward the cell periphery, radiates from an MTOC in the Golgi region. Kinesin-dependent anterograde transport (red)... 

The axonal transport of APP in neurons is mediated by the direct binding of APP to the kinesin light chain subunit of kinesin I. An axonal membrane compartment contains APP, P-secretase, and PSl, and the fast anterograde axonal transport of this compartment is mediated by APP and kinesin I. APP proteolysis in this... 

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