Kalousek Cell

D.c. and differential pulse polarographic electrolysis were carried out in a Kalousek cell with a two electrode system. In solutions of pH 0 to 14 a saturated calomel electrode was used as the reference electrode. 

Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) was carried out using a two-electrode Kalousek cell in conjunction with a slowly dropping mercury electrode with m = 0.67 mg and natural drop-time ti = 11.4 s (in 1.0 M KCl at 0.0 V) at h = 25 cm as the working electrode and a saturated calomel electrode, separated by liquid junction, as the reference electrode. In sulfuric acid solutions of pH less than 0 an Hg/HgS04 reference electrode was used, as was previously described. The voltage scans were started 6 s after the previous drop was dislodged. 

Kalousek, Mirko — Figure. Polarographic cell designed by M. Kalousek... 

When anodic as well as cathodic waves are to be investigated and when the values of the half-wave potentials are to be determined, as in other instances where the use of the mercury pool electrode is excluded, it is necessary to have a reference electrode separated from the solution to be examined. A suitable vessel for such measurements is the Kalousek vessel, shown in Fig. 20d the solution to be investigated is separated from the electrolyte of the reference electrode by a liquid boundary. The cell consists of two compartments the solution to be examined is placed in the left compartment (Fig. 20d) the right compartment, separated by the stopcock B, contains the reference electrode. To ensure a low resistance, the stopcock B is best constructed with a wide bore and the connecting tubes on both sides of this stopcock should be as short as possible. As reference electrodes, calomel or mercurous sulphate electrodes are usually used. The procedure for a cell containing a mercurous sulphate electrode is as follows ... 

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