K distribution

Active Transport. Maintenance of the appropriate concentrations of K" and Na" in the intra- and extracellular fluids involves active transport, ie, a process requiring energy (53). Sodium ion in the extracellular fluid (0.136—0.145 AfNa" ) diffuses passively and continuously into the intracellular fluid (<0.01 M Na" ) and must be removed. This sodium ion is pumped from the intracellular to the extracellular fluid, while K" is pumped from the extracellular (ca 0.004 M K" ) to the intracellular fluid (ca 0.14 M K" ) (53—55). The energy for these processes is provided by hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and requires the enzyme Na" -K" ATPase, a membrane-bound enzyme which is widely distributed in the body. In some cells, eg, brain and kidney, 60—70 wt % of the ATP is used to maintain the required Na" -K" distribution. 

Knighton, J.B. Steunenberg, R.K. "Distribution of Transuranium Elements Between Magnesium Chloride and Zinc-Magnesium Alloy", J. of Inorganic and Nuc. Chem. 27 p.p. 1457-1462 (1965). 

Fig. 2a-c. Kinetic zone diagram for the catalysis at redox modified electrodes a. The kinetic zones are characterized by capital letters R control by rate of mediation reaction, S control by rate of subtrate diffusion, E control by electron diffusion rate, combinations are mixed and borderline cases b. The kinetic parameters on the axes are given in the form of characteristic currents i, current due to exchange reaction, ig current due to electron diffusion, iji current due to substrate diffusion c. The signpost on the left indicates how a position in the diagram will move on changing experimental parameters c% bulk concentration of substrate c, Cq catalyst concentration in the film Dj, Dg diffusion coefficients of substrate and electrons k, rate constant of exchange reaction k distribution coefficient of substrate between film and solution d> film thickness (from ref. 

Warner, R. K. Distribution of Uranylnitrate between Organic Solvents and... 

The relative population ratio FJFi was slightly higher than expected from a 300 K thermal distribution (e.g. 2.1 vs 1.8). Of particular note, in comparison to a simple Boltzmann distribution, there was a substantial absence of population in the F2(J < S.S) levels from that expected based on a thermal (300 K) distribution. Approximately 1% of the desorbed molecules were vibrationally excited. 

PhC properties most investigated by scientists to date are their water solubility (s, mg/mL), volatility (correlated to the Henry constant H) (pg m atr/pg m wastewater), biodegradability (correlated to pseudo-first-order degradation constant bioi L gSS d ), acid dissociation constant K, distribution and sorption (through the sludge-water distribution coefficient K, expressed in L gSS or the octanol-water partition coefficient Kg ). The main focus has been to find any correlations between these parameters and to determine PhC removal rates during the different treatment steps. Thus, different properties have been quantified for many compounds, and software, such as EPl Suite 4.00 [54], consenting their estimation, is available. 

Figure 10.4 shows normalized Ba/K and Sr/K distributions between sanidine and a hydrothermal solution (liyama, 1972), Li/K between muscovite and a hydrothermal solution (Voltinger, 1970), and Rb/Na between nepheline and a hydrothermal solution (Roux, 1971b), interpreted through the local lattice distortion model, by an appropriate choice of the Nernst s law mass distribution constant K and the lattice distortion propagation factor r. 

Hm contribution to H from multipath dispersion Hl contribution to H from longitudinal diffusion ion mobile phase Hl(S) contribution to H from longitudinal diffusion ion stationary phase K distribution coefficient K(a) distribution coefficient of solute (A)... 

Svenson M, Hensen MB, Bendtzen K. Distribution and characterization of autoantibodies to interleukin-la in normal human sera. Scand J Immunol 1990 32 695. 

K = distribution coefficient of FoCl (Equation 1)0 CieCholBr Q CuTABr CiePyCl... 

Pathak, P.N. Prabhu, D.R. Manchanda, V.K. Distribution behaviour of U(VI), Th(IV) and Pa(V) from nitric acid medium using linear and branched chain extractants, Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. 18 (2000) 821-840. 

The interaction potential model, originally proposed by Shan and Chen,37 and henceforth referred to as the S-C model, introduces k distribution functions for a fluid mixture comprising of k components. Each distribution function represents a fluid component and satisfies the evolution equation. The non-local interaction... 

Fig. 5.14 Prediction of Temperature (K) distribution for five cell co-flow SOFC stack obtained using DREAM-SOFC. (a) Contours at anode/electrolyte interface of each cell, (b) Profiles along the direction of channels at the center of each cell.

Fig. 5.20 Temperature (K) distribution of the six cell cross-flow PEMFC stack with different air inlet velocities inxy section plane (a) 5 m/s (b) 3 m/s (c) 1 m/s (after Liu et al., 2006). (Reprinted from Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 160, Liu, Z., Mao, Z., Wang, C., Zhuge, W., and Zhang, Y., Numerical simulation of min PEMFC stack , pp. 1111-1122, Copyright 2006, with permission from Elsevier.)...

Fig. 5.23 Temperature (K) distribution inside the five cell co-flow SOFC stack calculated using FLUENT SOFC module discharge.

Kawa K. Distribution and functional properties of 5-HT3 receptors in the rat hippocampal dentate gyms a patch-clamp study. J Neurophysiol 1994 71 1935-1947. 

K = distribution factor, i.e. ratio of the concentrations of the diffusing component in mobile and stationary phases at equilibrium 1... 

ARPE5 measures the single-particle spectral function A(k,w), within the photoionization weight factor (w), and gives, on frequency integration the in-plane momentum (k) distribution, function... 

Fig. 18.7. The integral over the bound-free Gaunt factor which enters the expression for the radiative recombination coefficient. Results are for the k distribution family for capture into the ground n = 1 shell of hydrogen. The curves are generated by numerical quadrature over the distribution function. The limiting Maxwellian curve is the analytic expression elH kT Ei(Ib /ET)/T 2 and corresponds to k —> oo. The x-axis coordinate is Tefr = 2E/Z...

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