Glucosamine JV-acetyl

Figure 3.9 A simplified scheme for the mild acid (1 M HCl) hydrolysis of an amide containing molecule. Products of the hydrolysis for proteins and JV-acetyl glucosamine are shown. After Aluwihare et al. (2005).

Fig. 8 The receptor-binding domains of three TDAs, FimH [57], PapG-II [142], and F17a-G [143], viewed in the same orientation (obtained by superimpositioning of the structural core of their Ig-fold). The receptor binding sites are in complex with a-D-mannose, globotetraoside, and JV-acetyl glucosamine, respectively, shown as black ball-and-stick models. Structurally equivalent P-strands are labelled with their Ig-fold names...

Fungi produce the polysaccharide chitin as part of their cell wall. This is a polymer of JV-acetyl glucosamine which can be deacetylated to form chitosan. The chitosan can be treated with nitrous acid to form 2,5-anhydromannose which can be estimated colorimetrically (Figure 5.5). The test takes five hours but is not widely used as any insect debris interferes with it, and it is not suitable for estimating fungi in any plant products high in sugar amines. 

Hyaluronic acid is an alternating copolymer of D-glucuronic acid and JV-acetyl glucosamine. It occurs in the lubricating fluid (sinuvial fluid) of the joints and the lachrymatory fluid of the eyes, and acts as a kind of cement for the extracellular base material of connective tissue. 

The biosynthesis of the mannan inner core involves dolichol pyrophosphate derivatives containing JV-acetyl glucosamine and several mannose residues [38]. The participation of the polyprenol (dolichol) in the biosynthesis of the mannan inner core in yeast is analagous to its role in animal tissues as a mechanism for the glycosylation of proteins. 

Sorensen, P. G., Lutkenhaus, J., Young, K., Eveland, S. S., Anderson, M. S., and Raetz, C. R. H. (1996). Regulation of UDP-3-0-[R-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-JV-acetyl-glucosamine deacetylase in Escherichia coli. The second enzymatic step of lipid A biosynthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 25898-25905. 

Vasella has applied the concept of anomeric anion stabilization by a nitro group to the /3-D-JV-acetyl-D-glucosamine derivative 177, available in four steps from N-acetyl-n-glucosamine [52] (Scheme 39). Reaction of the tetraethylammonium nitronate derived from 177 with aldehyde 178 provides anti-179 which then undergoes stereoselectively reduction (see Sect. 2.2.1) to provide -C-glycoside 180, intermediate in a synthesis of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid. 

K. Sasaki, Y. Nishida, H. Uzawa, and K. Kobayashi, jV-Acetyl-6-sulfo-D-glucosamine as a promising mimic of iV-acetyl neuraminic acid, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13 (2003) 2821-2823. 

JV-acetyl-D-glucosamine) (27) or, preferably, from the 3-0-substituted derivatives. It is an intermediate in the Morgan-Elson color reaction (see Section VII, la p. 202). 

J. P. Privat, F. Delmotte, and M. Monsigny, Protein-sugar interactionsassociation of beta(l-4) linked JV-acetyl-D-glucosamine oligomer derivatives with wheat-germ agglutinin (lectin), FEBS Lett., 46 (1974) 224-228. 

Wheat germ Triticum vulgaris iV-Acetyl-p-D-glucosaminyl JV-Acetyl-p-D-glucosamine oligomers... 

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