Joliot-Curie, Frederick

Joliot-Curie, Frederick. (1900-1958). A French physicist who, along with his wife Irene Joliot-Curie, won the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1935. His important discoveries included artificial radioactivity. He did much work on atom structure, dematerialization of electrons, and inverse transformation. Work on hormone synthesis and thyroid substances containing radioactively labeled elements was significant. ScD from the University of Paris was followed by a distinguished career filled with honors and appointments. 

Joliot-Curie Frederick, 722 Joliot-Curie Irene, 722 Jones Steven E., 328 Jordan Pascual, 3,11-12 Josza Richard, 51... 

JOLIOT-CURIE. IRENE 11897-195ft. A French nuclear scientist who won the Nohel prize for chemistry with her husband Frederick Joliet-Curie. Their joint work involved production of artiliciul radioactive elements by using t/-rays to bombard boron. They discovered that hydrogen-containing material when exposed to what they considered p rays would emit protons. Tliev were involved in many firsts they gave Ihe first chemical proof of aitillcial transmutation and of capture of alpha particles, and were the firsi to prepare positron emitter. Her career started with a Sc.D. at the Univ ersity of Paris, and included scores of honors and awards. 

Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867-1934) is the only person to have been honored with Nobel Prizes in both physics and chemistry. In 1903, Pierre (1859-1906) and Marie Curie and Henri Becquerel (1852-1908) shared the prize in physics for the discovery of natural radioactivity. Marie Curie also received the 1911 Nobel Prize in chemistry for her discovery of radium and polonium and the compounds of radium. She named polonium for her native Poland. Marie s daughter, Irene Joliot-Curie (1897-1956), and Irene s husband, Frederick Joliot (1900-1958), received the 1935 Nobel Prize in chemistry for the first synthesis of a new radioactive element. 

Irene Joliot-Curie (1897-1956), and Irene s husband, Frederick Joint (1900-1958), received the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the first synthesis of a new radioactive element. 

Goldsmith, M. Frederick Joliot-Curie A Biography (Lawrence ... 

Frederick Joliot and Irene Curie discussed the "/-rays emitted in association with neutrons by berillium irradiated with a particles and reported to have observed under the same conditions also the emission of fast positrons. The origin of these particles was not yet clear at the time of the Solvay Conference. It was understood by the same authors a few months later when they discovered the artificial radioactivity induced by a-particle bombardment which normally takes place by emission of positrons. 

Fourteen years later, Irene Curie and her husband Frederick Joliot observed a similar transformation from aluminum to phosphorus,... 

On February 10,1934 Frederick Joliot and Irene Curie published tbe results of bombarding aluminum foil with neutrons. Tbey discovered that almost any element could be made radioactive. When Ernest Lawrence learned of tbeir work, be realized that be bad been producing artificial radioactivity (Fig. 7.2.) in the routine operation of the cyclotron... 

Fig. 7.2 Frederick Joliot and Irene Curie, discoverers of artificial radioactivity.

In 1898, the Curies discovered a second new element that they called radium due to its extreme radioactivity. They wrote, The radioactivity of radium must be enormous. . . 900 times that of uranium. In fact, pure radium is so radioactive that it spontaneously glows. In 1903, Marie was awarded her Ph.D. and within a few months shared the Nobel Prize in physics with her husband Pierre and Henri Becquerel for the discovery of radioactivity. In 1911, Marie was awarded a second Nobel Prize, this time in chemistry, for her discovery of the two new elements radium and polonium. She was the first person to win two Nobel Prizes. As a further tribute to this amazing family, the Curies daughter, Irene, shared a Nobel Prize in physics in 1935 with her husband, Frederick Joliot, for her work in radioactivity. 

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