Joint designs

Load bearing capabiUties are dependent upon the adherend, joint design, rate of loading, and temperature. Values given represent the type of adherends normally used at room temperature. Lap shear values approximate those obtainable from an overlap of 3.2 cm. ... 

Unfired steam boilers with design pressures exceeding 345 kPa (50 Ibftin") have restrictive rules on weided-joint design, and all butt joints require full radiography. 

Pressure vessels subject to direct firing have special requirements relative to weided-joint design and postweld heat treatment. 

This subsec tion includes rules governing weided-joint designs and the degree of radiography, with efficiencies for welded joints specified as functions of the quahty of joint. These efficiencies are used in the formulas in Subsec. A for determining vessel thicknesses. 

Elimination. Proper joint design relative to the welding process used is important. Also, properly sized electrodes, proper travel speed, and adequate welding current are necessary. 

J. G. Hicks, Welded Joint Design, Granada Publishing, 1982. 

Design. Detailed adhesively bonded joint design and analysis methods are discussed elsewhere in this volume. General issues associated with bonded assembly design will be considered here. 

The purpose of this subsection is to familiarize the reader with some of the basic characteristics and problems of composite laminate joints. The specific design of a joint is much too complex for an introductory textbook such as this. The published state-of-the-art of laminate joint design is summarized in the Structural Design Guide for Advanced Composite Applications [7-5] and Military Handbook 17A, Plastics for Aerospace Vehicles, Part 1, Reinforced Plastics [7-6]. Further developments can be found in the technical literature and revisions of the two preceding references. 

Tool Joint Designation Reference Drill Pipe Size and Style (All Weights and Grades) Weld On Too) Joints Elev. Marking... 

Avoid building blocks with interconnected internal cavities in basement walls. Basement walls made from in situ (poured) concrete are recommended. Concrete elements require careful and permanent sealing of all joints. Designs similar to swimming pools, manure tanks in agriculture and bomb shelters will provide a radon safe construction. 

Welding With Addition of Filler Metal. Joint designs for tubing or pipe shall be groove welds (single vee, double vee, or U) or fillet and socket weld joints. 

For components that will operate in pipelines (Part PL) at hoop stresses of less than 20% of the SMYS, if the nominal wall thicknesses of the adjoining ends do not vary more than 3.2 mm (i in.), no special treatment is necessary, provided the joint design meets the requirement of the WPS. 

For components that will operate in pipelines (Part PL) at hoop stresses of 20% or more than the SMYS, and for all components in piping (Part IP), if the nominal wall thickness of the adjoining ends does not vary more than 2.4 mm (%2 in-)/ no special treatment is necessary, provided the joint design meets the requirement of the WPS. Where the nominal internal offset is more than 2.4 mm (%2 in.) and there is no access to the inside of the pipe for welding, the transition shall be made by a taper cut on the inside end of the thicker section. The taper angle shall not be greater than 30 deg. 

All brazed joint designs shall be suitable for the intended critical service of hydrogen applications. There are two basic types lap and butt. 

Joint design and selection generally involves compromising between the ideal and practical. A number of manufacturers produce patented or proprietary joints that embody many ideal characteristics. Some are excellent products and are well suited to special applications. Valves and fittings are often available with proprietary joints that have gained wide acceptance however, consideration should be given to the possible impact on product delivery time and cost. 

Poured Joints Figure fO-139 illustrates a poured joint design. With regard to performance and ease of installation, most other joint... 

Still another O-ring joint design is based on a glass fitting with an inner thread4 (Fig 8.6). 

Standard taper joints are used in matching inner and outer (also called male and female) members. They are made in a variety of standardized sizes and shapes. Figures 3.2 and 3.3 illustrate the shape variations available. In general, how a joint will be used determines which joint design should be selected. 

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