Jitter noise

A simple expression for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a measurement of visibility amplitude involves several parameters relating to interferometer and source properties. The formula presented here provides the fundamental sensitivity limit. Contrast loss arising from instrumental jitter and seeing are summarised in a common factor system Strehl , which is the ratio of the number of photons which can be used for a coherent measurement to the... 

Another important property of PMTs is the pulse height distribution. The amplification of individual photoelectrons by the PMT is a stochastic process that causes variations in the gain of individual photoelectrons. As a result significant jitter in the amplitude of the output pulses is observed, see Fig. 3.6. These pulse height variations can be more than a factor of 10. The lowest pulse heights mainly consist of (thermal) noise, indicated by the dashed line in Fig. 3.6. The pulse height distribution exhibits a peak corresponding to detected photons. The threshold level of the... 

There are several other sources of noise that are specific to lifetime imaging. In particular, noise related to the timing jitter of... 

The operating principle of an MCP-PM is based on electron multiplication using a continuous dynode structure of ca. 10 um diameter holes, giving a more compact and hence faster time response when compared with conventional photomultipliers. Rise-times of 150 psec and transit-time jitter (i.e., impulse response) of ca. 25 psec FWHM at 200 counts/sec noise at room temperature have been recorded with the 6 fun channel Hamamatsu R3809 MCP-PM.(87)... 

Normally an oscillator circuit Is designed such that the crystal requires a phase shift of 0 degrees to permit work at the series resonance point. Long-and short-term frequency stability are properties of crystal oscillators because very small frequency differences are needed to maintain the phase shift necessary for the oscillation. The frequency stability Is ensured through the quartz crystal, even If there are long-term shifts In the electrical values that are caused by phase jitter due to temperature, ageing or short-term noise. If mass Is added to the crystal. Its electrical properties change. 

Bypass capacitors may be necessary (and are recommended) from the Vdd pin to ground in order to minimize signal jitter and noise effects. 

You are attempting to breadboard this circuit, you may need bypass capacitors (0.1 /xF capacitors from Vdd to the local IC ground) in order to minimize jitter and noise effects. These ICs switch at a very fast rate and can easily cause switching noise to appear on the outputs. 

Jitter is the deviation of the sampling instant due to noise and other phenomena. Jitter can be analyzed using a battery of statistical and probabilistic methods [Liu and Stanley, 1965]. In particular, Liu and Stanley analyze the jitter for a storage system where four cases can be considered ... 

A streak camera which has 12 ps shot-to-shot jitter has been developed. With this degree of precision, a simple method of signal averaging of picosecond fluorescence events may be employed direct summation. This results in a substantial increase in the signal-to-noise ratio of time-resolved fluorescence measurements over single-shot records. 

It is important that the trigger signal is not affected by spurious noise signals, and therefore it must be carefully shielded. The variation in the rocket spin period and the intensity variation of the solar light intensity on the trigger sensor can cause jitter in the trigger time. To eliminate this jitter, a differential amplifier was used in the trigger-control electronic circuit. 

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