Isorhamnetin 4 -glucoside

Fig. (10). HPLC chromatogram of red onion anthocyanins and other phenols (1) quercetin 3,4 -diglucoside, (2) quercetin 4 -glucoside, (3) isorhamnetin 4 -glucoside, (4) cyanidin 3-glucoside, (5) cyanidin 3-arabinoside, (6) cyanidin 3-malonylglucoside, and (7) cyanidin 3-malonylarabinoside. HPLC conditions RP Cig column (12 x 0.4 cm particle size 5 im). Mobile phase acidified water (5% formic acid) (A) and methanol (B). Gradient 0 min- 15% B, 15 min- 35% B, 25 min- 40% B. Flow rate 1 mL/min.

Hassanean, H.A. and Desoky, E.K., An acylated isorhamnetin glucoside from Zygophyllum simplex. Phytochemistry, 31, 3293, 1992. 

Figure 11.5.3 (A) Natural cation MALDI-MS spectrum of almond seedcoat extract. (B) MALDI-MS positive ion spectrum of almond seedcoat extract with sodium added at 0.01 M. Peaks (1) [kaempferol + H]+ (2) [isorhamnetin + H]+ (3) [kaempferol glucoside + H]+ (4) [kaempferol glucoside + Na]+ (5) [isorhamnetin glucoside + H]+ (6) [isorhamnetin glucoside + Na]+ (7) [isorhamnetin glucoside + K]+ (8) [isorhamnetin glucoside + 2Na - H]+ (9) [kaempferol rutinoside + H]+ (10) [kaempferol rutinoside + Na]+ (11) [isorhamnetin rutinoside + H]+ (12) [isorhamnetin rutinoside + Na]+ (13) [isorhamnetin rutinoside + K]+ (14) [isorhamnetin rutinoside + 2Na - H]+.

Each cultivar possesses a specific flavonol and dihydroflavonol profile (quantitative and qualitative aspect) that could be used for taxonomic characterization (Mattivi et al. 2006 Masa et al. 2007). It was believed that white cultivars did not contain any methylated flavonol until Rodriguez Montealegre et al. (2006) detected small amounts of isorhamnetin glucoside in their skins. Based on a survey of 91 Vitis vinifera cultivars, Mattivi et al. (2006) concluded that isorhamnetin derivatives are present in small amounts in white cultivars whereas derivatives of myricetin, laricitrin and syringetin appear to be specific of red cultivars. However, myricetin was detected in some white Muscadine cultivars (Vitis rotundifolia sp.) (Talcott and... 

Caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic add) 4-0-Caffeoylquinic acid (cryptochlorogenic acid) 3-0-Caffeoylquinic acid (neochlorogenic acid) Isorhamnetin rutinoside Isorhamnetin glucoside Kaempferol rutinoside Kaempferol glucoside... 

Aziz AA, Edwards CA, Lean ME and Crozier A. 1998. Absorption and excretion of conjugated flavonols, including quercetin-4 -0-(3-glucoside and isorhamnetin-4 -O-(i-gIu coside by human volunteers after the consumption of onions. Free Radic Res 29 257-269. 

Fig. 2.50. Profiles of calendula (a), milk-thistle (b) and passion flower (c) tinctures (each 60 per cent v/v, ethanol) with the HPLC-MS attributions of the components detected, lc = quercetin-3-O-ruti-nosylrhamnoside 2c = rutin 3c = isorhamnetin-3-O-ruti-nosylrhamnoside 4c = isoquercitrin 5c = isorhamnetin-3-O-gluco-sylglucoside 6c = narcissin 7c = isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside lm = taxifolin 2m = siliydianin 3m = silychristin 4m = oxy derivative of silybin/isosilybin isomers 5m and 6m = 2,3-dehydro derivatives of silybin/isosilybin isomers 7m = silybin 8m = isosilybin lp = 6,8-diC-glucosylapigenin 2p = isoschaftoside 3p = shaftoside 4p = homoorientin 5p = isovetexin-2"-0-glucoside 6p = vitexin. Reprinted with permission from A. R. Biha et al. [150].

Lee YS, Lee S, Lee HS, Kim B-K, Ohuchi K, Shin KH. (2005) Inhibitory effects of isorhamnetin-3-O-P-D-glucoside from Salicornia herbacea on rat lens aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues. Biol Pharm Bull 28 916-918. 

Hippophae rhamnoides L. Sha Ji (Sea buckthorn) (seed, fruit, leaf) Cryptoxanthin, harman, harmol, hemin, isorhamnetin, lycopene, serotonin, isorhamnetin-3-mono-beta-D-glucoside, polyphenols, fatty acids flavonoid, essential oils, tannins, quercitin, vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotenoid.50-450 Improve resistance to infection, skin irritation and eruption, treat heart disease, oil for cosmetic use. 

Two catechins, ( + )catechin and ( — )epicatechin, and two leucoanthocyanins were isolated from Bartlett pears by Nortje (165).. Durkee et al. (166) identified arbutin (p-hydroxphenyl-/ -D-glucoside) in mature and immature pears. Several flavanol glycosides such as quercetin 3-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-rutinoside, isorham-netin-3-galactoside, and quercetin-7-xyloside were identified by Duggan (167). 

Flavonols. The most common flavonols (3-hydroxyflavones) include kaempferol (3,5,7,4 -tetrahydroxyflavone), quercetin (3,5,7,3, 4 -pentahydroxyflavone), myricetin (3,5,7,3, 4, 5 -hexahydroxyflavone), quercitrin (quercetin 3-0-rhamnoside), isoquercitrin (quercetin 3-0-glucoside), isorhamnetin (quercetin 3 -methyl ether) and rutin (quercetin... 

Isorhamnetin (Rl=OCH3, R2=H) 3-glucoside Skin Cheynier and Rigaud HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, - H NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis... 

Isorhamnetin glycosides 1-3-0-glucoside, I-3-O-rutinosidc ( = narcissin), 1-3-0-rutiiiosyl-rhamnoside Qiiercetin-3-O-glucoside and 3-0-g uco-rhamnoside (<0.2%)... 

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