Isorhamnetin 4 O glucoside

Fig. 2.50. Profiles of calendula (a), milk-thistle (b) and passion flower (c) tinctures (each 60 per cent v/v, ethanol) with the HPLC-MS attributions of the components detected, lc = quercetin-3-O-ruti-nosylrhamnoside 2c = rutin 3c = isorhamnetin-3-O-ruti-nosylrhamnoside 4c = isoquercitrin 5c = isorhamnetin-3-O-gluco-sylglucoside 6c = narcissin 7c = isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside lm = taxifolin 2m = siliydianin 3m = silychristin 4m = oxy derivative of silybin/isosilybin isomers 5m and 6m = 2,3-dehydro derivatives of silybin/isosilybin isomers 7m = silybin 8m = isosilybin lp = 6,8-diC-glucosylapigenin 2p = isoschaftoside 3p = shaftoside 4p = homoorientin 5p = isovetexin-2"-0-glucoside 6p = vitexin. Reprinted with permission from A. R. Biha et al. [150].

Quercetin, isorhamnetin, quercitrin, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-glucoside, and morin Betulinic acid, oleanolic add, and ursolic add Vanillic acid, caffeic add, p-coumaric add, ferulic acid, delphinidin, cyanidin, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, procyanidin B2, and procyanidin B3... 

Lee YS, Lee S, Lee HS, Kim B-K, Ohuchi K, Shin KH. (2005) Inhibitory effects of isorhamnetin-3-O-P-D-glucoside from Salicornia herbacea on rat lens aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues. Biol Pharm Bull 28 916-918. 

Isorhamnetin glycosides 1-3-0-glucoside, I-3-O-rutinosidc ( = narcissin), 1-3-0-rutiiiosyl-rhamnoside Qiiercetin-3-O-glucoside and 3-0-g uco-rhamnoside (<0.2%)... 

Querdtrin, isoquercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, quercetin-3-O-arabinoside (=avicularin) Myricetin-3-O-galactoside and -digalactosidc Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and rhamnoside Isorhamnetin-3-O-galactaside, hesperidin Chlorogenic and caffeic acid... 

Calendulae flos (2) is characterized by pairs of yellow-orange isorhamnetin and qucrcc-tm glycosides. The major zones are due to rutin (R, 0.4) and narcissin (R, 0.45), isorhamnetin- and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (R, 0.6-0.7) and isorhaninetin-rutinosyl-ghicoside at R, 0.2. 

Ginkgoaceae (1 > 6) p)-glucoside, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, rutin, k-7-O-gIucoside, k- -O-rutinoside, astragalin, dihydrokaempferol-7-O-gliicoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside... 

Figure 9b. Vitexin-2 -0-a-L-rhamnoside (32), isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (narcissi. 33), kaempferol-3-O-mtinoside (nicotiflorin. 34) quercetin-3-O-P-D-glucoside (isoquercitrin. 35) and vitexin (alpigenin 8-C-glucoside. 36).

Wei Y, Xie QQ, Fisher D, Sutherland lA (2011) Separation of patuletin-3-O-glucoside, astragalin, quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin from Flaveria bidentis (L.) Kuntze by elution-pump-out high-performance counter-current chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1218 6206-6211... 

Aziz AA, Edwards CA, Lean ME and Crozier A. 1998. Absorption and excretion of conjugated flavonols, including quercetin-4 -0-(3-glucoside and isorhamnetin-4 -O-(i-gIu coside by human volunteers after the consumption of onions. Free Radic Res 29 257-269. 

The main flavonols in onions are glycosylated derivatives, principally quercetin-4 -0-glucoside and quercetin-3,4 -O-diglucoside with smaller amounts of isorhamnetin-4 -0-glucoside (Figure 7.10) and other quercetin conjugates (Mullen et al. 2004). Yellow onions form one of the main sources of flavonols in the Northern European diet, the edible... 

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