Ionotropic glutamate receptors subunits

Ferreira VM, Frausto S, Browning MD et al (2001) Ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit expression in the rat hippocampus lack of an effect of a long-term ethanol exposure paradigm. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 25 1536-1541... 

Six functional families of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit can be defined by structural homologies 273... 

Ibrahim H. M., Healy D. J., Hogg A. J., Jr., and Meador-Woodruff J. H. (2000). Nucleus-specific expression of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit mRNAs and binding sites in primate thalamus. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 79 1-17. 

Montague, A. A., and Greer, C.A. 1999. Differential distribution of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits in the rat olfactory bulb. Journal of Comparative Neurology 405, 233. 

Lin B, Martin PR, Grunert U. 2002. Expression and distribution of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits on parasol ganglion cells in the primate retina. Vis Neurosci 19 ... 

Martin LJ, Blackstone CD, Huganir RL, Price DL (1993b) The striatal mosaic in primates striosomes and matrix are differentially enriched in ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits, J Neurosci 73 782-792. 

Non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors (the majority sodium channel containing) can be subdivided into a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) (comprising cloned subunits GluRl ) and kainate (GluR5-7, KAl-2) preferring receptors, with native receptors most likely to comprise either homo- or heteromeric pentamers of these subunits. 

Furuyama, T., Kiyama, H., Sato, K., Park, H.T., Maeno, H., Takagi, H., Tohyama, M. Region-specific expression of subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPA-type, KA-type, and NMDA receptors) in the rat spinal cord with special reference to nociception, Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 1993, 18, 141-151. 

Kainate receptors (KAR) are heteromeric ionotropic glutamate receptors that play a variety of roles in the regulation of synaptic network activity. KAR are composed of five different subunits designated as GluR5, GluR6, GluR7, KA1, and KA2. These subunits have molecular masses of 100 kDa. The primary structure of KA... 

Fig. 1 Structures of subunits (top) and subunit oligomerization (bottom) in ligand-gated ion channels. (a) P2X receptor family, (b) Ionotropic glutamate receptor family, (c) TRPV channel family, (d) Cys-loop superfamily comprising nAChRs, 5-HT3,GABAa, and glycine receptors.

As mentioned above, members of the superfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors are tetramers composed out of a repertoire of at least 18 subunits. They can be categorized into three families N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropioinic acid (AMPA) receptors, and kainate receptors, the two latter forming the group of non-NMDA receptors. While NMDA receptors are composed of NR1, -2 (A, B, C, and D), and -3 (A and B)... 

Gao XM, Sakai K, Roberts RC, Conley RR, Dean B, et al. 2000. Ionotropic glutamate receptors and expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits in subregions of human hippocampus Effects of schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 157 1141-1149. 

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