Ionic polymer-metal composite robotic actuation

Kim, B., Kim, D., Jung, J. and Park, J. (2005). A biomimetic undulatory tadpole robot using ionic polymer-metal composite actuators. Smart Materials and Structures 14, pp. 1579-1585. 

Mbemmo, E., Chen, Z., Shatara, S. and Tan, X. (2008). Modeling of biomimetic robotic fish propelled by an ionic polymer-metal composite actuator, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 689-694. 

Yamakita, M., Kamamichi, N., Kaneda, Y., et al. (2004) Development of an Artificial Muscle Linear Actuator Using Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites. Adv. Robotics, 18, 383-99. 

Laurent, G. and Piat, E. (2001) Efficiency of swimming microrobots using ionic polymer metal composite actuators. Proceedings of the 2001 International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 3914—3919. 

Rajagopalan M, Jeon JH, Oh IK (2010) Electric-stimuli-responsive bending actuator based on sulfonated polyetherimide. Sens Actuators B 151 198-204 Shahinpoor M (1992) Conceptual design, kinematics and dynamics of swimming robotic stmctures using ionic polymeric gel muscles. Smart Mater Stmct 1 91-94 Shahinpoor M, Kim KJ (2000) The effect of surface-electrode resistance on the performance of ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) artificial muscles. Smart Mater Stmct 9 543 551 Shahinpoor M, Kim KJ (2001) Ionic polymer-metal composites - I. Fundamentals. Smart Mater Struct 10 819-833... 

Fig. 7 Concept of integrated linear actuators (Reproduced from Development of an artificial muscle linear actuator using ionic polymer-metal composites. Yamakita M, Kamamichi N, Kaneda Y, Asaka K, Luo ZW, Advanced Robotics, 2004, Taylor Francis Ltd, reprinted by permission of the publisher Taylor Francis Ltd, www.tandfonline.com)...

Najem J, Sarles S, Akle B, Leo D (2012) Biomimetic jellyfish-inspired underwater vehicle actuated by ionic polymer metal composite actuators. Smart Mater Struct 21 094026 Nakabo Y, Mukai T, Asaka K (2007) Biomimetic soft robots using IPMC. In Kim K, Tadokoro S (eds) Electroactive polymers for robotics applications. Springer, London, pp 165-198... 

Yamakita M, Sera A, Kamamichi N, Asaka K (2008) Integrated design of an ionic polymer-metal composite actuator/sensor. Adv Robot 22 913-928 Yeom S, Oh I (2009) A biomimetic jellyfish robot based on ionic polymer metal composite actuators. Smart Mater Struct 18 085002... 

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