Ionic Fiquids

The Chemical Environment of Ionic Fiquids Finks Between Fiquid... 

However, we have to be aware of a number of limitations when applying tetrafluoroborate and hexafluorophosphate ionic fiquids as reaction media in homogeneous catalysis. The major problem is that these anions are sensitive to hydrolysis. The... 

Apart from sorption to the soil component, interaction between the compound and the sediment is equally important if we are to understand the behavior and fate of ionic fiquids in aquatic systems. It is likely that both the soil and the aquatic environment will be recipients of ionic liquid contamination. We ran one preliminary experiment with marine sediment collected in Puck Bay (southern Baltic Sea) [16]. The sediments from this part... 

A strategy to obtain photochromic ionic fiquids was reported by Arai and co-workers and consists on appending an imidazofium substituent to a stilbene. Scheme 5.3. [57] The cis isomers are RTILs except for b) and the trans analogs are solids except for d) and e) which while being IL are not RTILs. Moreover, while the trans isomers are moderately emissive with quantum yields aroimd 0.02, the cis analogs practically do not show fluorescence. This pormits the authors to claim the possibility of switching photochemically from solid to liquid as well as from emissive to non-emissive systems. 

Microfluidic devices allow for processing small volumes (10" to rnS) of fluid within channels and are compatible with continuous flow mode of operation (Fernandes, 2010). Hence, the use of microscale devices in preparation of ionic liquids is potentially as green as chemical synthesis can be as reagents are quantitatively converted into the final product, no solvents are needed for synthesis or purification and absolutely no waste is generated (Ehrfeld et al, 2000). Wikns et al. (2009) repwrted that less than 1 % of impurities, mostly unreacted starting material, are present in ionic fiquids synthesized within microfluidic devices. Hu et al. (2010) showed that microchannel reaction system is also suitable for the kinetic study of fast reactions with high heat release and/ or a viscous system, such as alkylation of imidazolium species. 

In Figure 2, a general scheme for a continuous ionic fiquid production in a microreactor is presented. The core part of the microscale production set-up is a micromixer in which amine and alkylating agent are rapidly mixed, linked to the reaction tube. 

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