Ion release

Surface preparation of the dental implant prior to implantation wiH have an effect on corrosion behavior, initial metal ion release, and interface tissue response (316). The titanium and titanium aHoy dental implants in present use have many forms to assist bone ingrowth attachment including cylinders with holes, screw threaded surfaces, porous surfaces, and other types of roughened surfaces. Methods used to produce porous surfaces iaclude arc plasma... 

Practically, the result of reactions (48) and (49) is reaction (50). In reaction (50), we see that acetic acid acts as an acid in the same sense that it does in (48). In either case, it releases hydrogen ions. In (48) acetic acid releases hydrogen ions and forms H+(aq) and in (50) it releases hydrogen ions to NHs and forms NH/. In the same way, ammonia acts as a base in (50) by reacting with the hydrogen ion released by acetic acid. So reaction (50) is an acid-base reaction, though the net reaction does not show H+(aq) explicitly. 

The presence of nanopartides suspended within the starch matrix would ensure continuous release of ions into the nutrient media. Copper ions released by the nanopartides may attach to the negatively charged bacterial cell wall and rupture it, thereby leading to protein denaturation and cell death [31]. The attachment of both ions and nanopartides to the cell wall caused accumulation of envelope protein precursors, which resulted in dissipation of... 

The commonly accepted underlying mechanism involves decomposition (hydrolysis) of thiourea in the alkaline solution to form sulfide ions (3.10), which react with Cd " ions released by the decomplexation reaction (3.11), with precipitation of cadmium sulfide (3.12) upon exceeding the solubility product of the compound... 

Although the glass polyalkenoate cement is the most durable of all dental cements it is susceptible to attack by aqueous fluids under certain conditions. There are three related phenomena to consider erosion, ion release and water absorption. 

Cranfield, M., Kuhn, A. T. Winter, G. (1982). Factors relating to the rate of fluoride-ion release from glass-ionomer cement. Journal of Dentistry, 10, 333-41. 

The dissolution and ion release from dental silicate cement have been the most investigated characteristics with good reason, for they are central to its clinical performance. Erosion limits its life but release of fluoride has important clinical consequences. 

Aluminium ions released from the dental silicate cement are also absorbed by hydroxyapatite and have a similar beneficial effect to that of fluoride (Halse Hals, 1976 Putt Kleber, 1985). Thus, the dental silicate cement confers protection against caries (dental decay) on surrounding tooth material. 

The irradiation conditions were chosen to avoid overlap of the implanted Ne atoms with the already formed clusters the Rp of the Ne ions is indeed about 410 nm with a straggling of about 100 nm. Therefore irradiating ions release part of their energy crossing the region in which the bimetallic nanoclusters are present (centered around a depth of 70 nm). 

Ramage R, Barron CA, Bielecki S, Holden R, Thomas DW. Solid phase peptide synthesis Fluoride ion release of peptide from the resin. Tetrahedron Lett 1987 28 4105-4108. 

Mucus is produced by the mucus neck cells and by the surface epithelial cells of the stomach wall. A thick layer of mucus adheres to the wall of the stomach, forming the gastric mucosal barrier. The function of this barrier is to protect the gastric mucosa from injury — specifically, from the corrosive actions of HCl and pepsin. Together with bicarbonate ion released into the lumen of the stomach, mucus neutralizes the acid and maintains the mucosal surface at a nearly neutral pH. 

The interpretation of observation (a) given by Smith and Spanel29 relies on the assumption that the dominant fraction of the Hj ions are vibrationally excited to v > 3 and that those recombine first. The remaining, slowly recombining ions then should be v = 0 ions (with perhaps an admixture of v = 1). There is, however, one serious problem with this interpretation that has been noted earlier.21,22 Reactions 18 and 20 that are used to create Hj ions release sufficient energy to produce Hj in vibrational states up to v = 5. However, even if highly excited ions were produced... 

Arcos, D., Greenspan, D.C. and Vallet-Regi, M. (2002) Influence of the stabilization temperature on textural and structural features and ion release in Si02-Ca0-P20s sol-gel glasses. Chemistry of Materials, 14, 1515-1522. 

---