Ion Detectors and Data Processing in MALDI-TOF Analyzers

Saturation can also occur upstream of the ADC in analog current-to-voltage amphfiers, causing them also to lock or return to basehne slowly. 

Axial TOP analyzers typically record the spectra in the ADC mode, whereas oTOF instruments use TDC or a hybrid ADC/TDC detechon. In the latter case the number of accumulated runs is given by the repetihon rate of the ion pusher of the TOF, rather than the pulse repetihon rate of the laser. Because in the TDC mode multiple ions of given arrival hme must be avoided, the pusher repehtion rate in oTOF instruments is typically a factor of about 10 larger than the laser repetihon frequency. 

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