Interstitial opacity

Classical chest radiograph manifestations of CBD include bilateral middle to upper lobe predominant reticulonodular infiltrate, with or without mild hilar/ mediastinal lymphadenopathy. (Fig. 1). The interstitial opacities are typically characterized as small p or q in the International Labour Organization (ILO)... 

Clinical lung disease attributed to AA amyloid rarely occurs. The Mayo Clinic described 64 patients with AA amyloid, none of whom exhibited clinical heart or lung involvement (38). A more recent 14-year review at the Mayo Clinic reported two patients with diffuse interstitial opacities and AA amyloid (15). AA amyloid-Tnduced interstitial lung disease has been reported after 28 years of... 

Both the liquid and the vapor can cause severe damage to the human eye this is characterized by immediate burning, followed some hours later by an increasing severity of reaction with corneal and conjunctival edema. Interstitial corneal opacity may develop over a period... 

Pulmonary features of the adverse effects of aldesleukin include lung opacities, diffuse pulmonary interstitial edema, pleural effusions, alveolar edema, and hypoxemia, with full and rapid recovery after treatment withdrawal (29,30). 

A chest X-ray showed diffuse interstitial and alveolar infiltrates and small bilateral pleural effusions. A high-resolution CT scan of the chest showed diffuse ground-glass attenuation and patchy peripheral opacities, consistent with an acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and other diagnoses were ruled out. He responded to gluco-corticoids. 

Fig. 26.4a,b. Axial CT image in a 63-year-old man with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) shows bilateral reticular opacities, honeycombing (black arrowheads), and traction bronchiectasis (arrow). In addition, patchy, ground-glass opacities are present (white arrowhead) (a). Acute exacerbation in the same patient shows marked progression of ground-glass opacities (arrowheads) (b)... 

Fig. 26.10. Desquamative interstitial pnemnonia (DIP). Coronal CT image shows bilateral, peripheral ground-glass opacities and coexisting moderate bronchial wall thickening (arrow). In some areas, small cystic spaces are present (arrowheads)...

Fig. 26.11. Lymphoid interstitial pnemnonia (LIP) in a 48-year-old woman. Axial CT image shows extensive ground-glass opacities and scattered thin-walled cysts...

Fig. 26.12a,b. Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP) in a 58-year-old patient, a Axial CT image shows bilateral ground-glass opacities in a geographic distribution (arrow). Consolidation is seen in the more dependent lung (arrowheads). Small, coexisting bilateral pleural effusions are present, b (see next page)... 

Fig. 26.24. A 50-year-old woman with interstitial pneumonia (lP)/nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) after bleomycin chemotherapy for Hodgkin s lymphoma. Axial CT image shows irregular linear and reticular opacities (arrowheads) with subtle ground-glass opacities (arrow) in subpleural distribution...

Fig. 26.27. Axial CT image in a patient with progressive systemic sclerosis shows a mixture of fine reticular and ground-glass opacities (black arrows), associated with mild traction bronchiectasis (white arrow), consistent with a nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern. Note esophageal dilatation (arrowheads)...

In the vast majority of patients with DPLD, the symptoms and signs are chronic, i.e., months to years. In some, however, they may be acute (days to weeks) or subacute (weeks to months). These latter processes are often confused with atypical pneumonias since many have diffuse radiographic opacities, fever, or relapses of disease activity. Common diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure, mycobacterial and fungal disease, can mimic interstitial lung disease (ILD), and must be ruled out. 

Figure 5 HRCT images demonstrating prominent ground glass opacities without architectural distortion in a patient with DIP. Abbreviations HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography DIP, desquamative interstitial pneumonia.

Abbreviations. DIP, desquamative interstitial pneumonia RB-ILD, respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease GGO, ground glass opacities. Source. Adapted from Refs. 31, 34, and 39. 

Figure 8 HRCT of a patient with LIP demonstrating cystic airspaces (A), ground glass opacities, thickened bronchovascular bundles, and centrilobular nodules (B). Abbreviations HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography LIP, l3miphocytic interstitial pneumtmia.

Figure 1 HRTC scan from a 52-year-old female with NSIP. (A) The upper and (B) lower lobes demonstrate mild GGO. Reticular thickening is also present in the right lower lobe. Abbreviations HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography NSIP, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia GGO, ground-glass opacities.

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