Interstitial-free steel

Interstitial cystitis Interstitial-free steels Intersystem crossing Intestinal flukes... 

Interstitial fluid velocity, 25 290 Interstitial-free steels, 23 263, 296, 299 Interstitial solid solutions, alloying, 73 498 Interstitial vanadium compounds, 25 533-534... 

Figure 18 A relationship between the value and grain size of steel. The normal range of conventional rimmed and killed steels is shown. In addition to chemical composition, the value is determined by the coil processing. Two titanium-treated aluminum-killed steels are also shown. To produce an interstitial-free steel with a high r , value, the amount t)f titanium present must exceed six times the amount of carbon plus nitrogen. (From Ref.

In a recent study, the oxidation behaviours of several low and ultra-low carbon steels in nearly dry air (containing less than 0.1% H2O) were first examined [45]. The steels examined were two Al-killed low carbon steels (0.06C-0.23Mn), one Ti-containing interstitial-free steel, and one Si-killed low carbon steel (0.05C-0.57Mn-0.28Si). The oxidation rates of the IF and Si-killed steels were significantly lower than those of the Al-killed steels but the difference became smaller at 900-950°C for the IF steel. Poor scale adhesion was observed in the scales formed on the Si-killed and IF steels. For the IF steel, wrinkle-like blisters were observed in the scales formed in the lower temperature range (700-800°C), whereas many fine round bubbles were found in the scales formed at 850-950°C, as will be seen later in Fig. 8.9. 

Ladle metallurgy, the treatment of Hquid steel in the ladle, is a field in which several new processes, or new combinations of old processes, continue to be developed (19,20). The objectives often include one or more of the following on a given heat more efficient methods for alloy additions and control of final chemistry improved temperature and composition homogenisation inclusion flotation desulfurization and dephosphorization sulfide and oxide shape control and vacuum degassing, especially for hydrogen and carbon monoxide to make interstitial-free (IF) steels. Electric arcs are normally used to raise the temperature of the Hquid metal (ladle arc furnace). 

Small amounts of ternary metal phosphides are important for special purposes. Thus, Florenskyite, FeTiP [22], is utilised for precipitation hardening in interstitial-free ferrite steels [23]. Other ternary phosphides with similar (FcjP type) crystal structures (Chapter 8.1), for example, NiCrP, MoNiP and FeNiP can strongly inflnence the microstructure and mechanical properties of glassy metal alloys. 

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