Interferon-y IFN

Activated T cells begin releasing cytokines including interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-y, (IFN-y), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a), and others.4,13 Cytokine activity leads to a rapid proliferation and turnover of skin cells, triggering the inflammatory process and the development of psoriatic skin lesions.4,13,14 TNF-a may have a role in disease severity it upregulates endothelial and keratinocyte expression of ICAM-1,... 

T lymphocytes become activated over the course of 3 to 4 weeks, producing interferon-y (IFN-y) and other cytokines. These stimulate microbicidal macrophages to surround the tuberculous foci and form granulomas to prevent further extension.15 At this point, the infection is largely under control, and bacillary replication falls off dramatically. Any remaining mycobacteria are believed to reside primarily within granulomas or within macrophages that have avoided detection and lysis. Over 1 to... 

Interferon-y (IFN-y) mRNA levels were measured in unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and purified cell populations, using a bDNA assay, to characterize the cell types that contribute to the in vivo increase in IFN-y gene expression seen in HIV infection (Breen et al 1997). IFN-y is a cytokine that can be produced by multiple cell types and is considered to enhance cellular responses by activation of monocytes and macrophages. It is one of the type 1 cy-... 

Virtually all therapeutic glycoproteins, even when produced naturally in the body, exhibit such heterogeneity for example, two species of human interferon-y (IFN-y), one of molecular mass 20 kDa and the other of 25 kDa, differ from each other only in the degree and sites of (N-linked)... 

In addition to directly eliciting cell chemotaxis and free-radical production, PAF can also induce the release of various inflammatory cytokines, amongst which tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is of particular importance [ 312 ]. We have recently shown that PAF stimulates TNF production from peripheral blood derived monocytes and at picomolar concentrations amplifies lipopoly-saccharide (LPS)-induced TNF production, effects inhibited by various PAF antagonists [313]. PAF also acts synergistically with interferon-y (IFN-y) to increase the monocyte cytotoxicity. Furthermore, PAF can modulate the production of both interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 (IL-1, IL-2) from rat monocytes and lymphocytes, respectively [222, 223], cytokines which in turn elicit the release of other mediators and growth factors. 

The term cytokine was first introduced in the mid-1970s. It was applied to polypeptide growth factors controlling the differentiation and regulation of cells of the immune system. The interferons (IFNs) and interleukins (ILs) represented the major polypeptide families classified as cytokines at that time. Additional classification terms were also introduced, including lymphokines [cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-y (IFN-y), produced by lymphocytes] and monokines [cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) produced by monocytes]. However, classification on the basis of producing cell types also proved inappropriate, as most cytokines are produced by a range of cell types, e.g. both lymphocytes and monocytes produce IFN-a. 

Interferon-y (IFN-y) Activates ThI cells, NK cells, CTLs, macrophages... 

Cause increased activity of phagocytes and lymphocytes, cause increased secretion of certain cytokines interferon-y (IFN-y), IL-2, and IL12, which are critical for differentiation of ThO cells toward Thl line... 

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