Interference checking design

An example of a complex assembly in which shared design processes are carried out is the engine in Figure 4. The goal is to be able to build and then computer analyze complex products. The assembly modehng will be supported by extensive analysis and representation methods such as interference checks as well as exploded views and section views. 

DMU is a core method in CE in the aerospace industry for assembly examination, layout examination, interference checking, and maintainability (see Chap. 13). Based on complete CAD data and a powerful PDM system, DMU can be created synchronously with each design activity. Based on advantages of DMU, the use of the Physical Mock-up has been reduced dramatically over the past years. Beside of standard monitors, many diff erent graphics devices are used for graphical output in aerospace industry (mobile devices, virtual, augmented and mixed reality). 

As the method is designed for industrial applications, the interference of some metallic compounds must be checked. Indeed, different ions, such as copper (II), iron (III), lead (II) and mercury (II), for example, potentially existing in electroplating wastewater, may interfere with the determination of Cr (VI). Except in the presence of Fe3+, the measurement of Cr (VI) gives an error generally lower than 3% for 0.5 or 1 mg/L of metallic ion, and for greater concentrations (up to 10 mg/L), the error is negligible for Cu2+, and lower than 15% for the other ions [42]. 

In the design of the ALT assay, the LD (EC 1.1.1.27) is usually allowed to burn out the keto acids before the rate measurements are made. LD reagent must be free of ALT activity, and a water-blank specimen will reveal reagent contamination. In general, the reagent enzymes must always be checked for contamination with the enzyme being measured or any other enzymes that might interfere. 

Once completed, a batch process is run to identifv all component interferences for the entire model, as shown in Exhibit 17-13. It also checks for such interferences as pipes that cross a designated clear space (e.g., a walkway or equipment maintenance area). Because these problems can be resolved before documents are extraaed, an extremely small number of interference reports during construaion are now gen-... 

CAD permits checking on interference potential problems. This procedure involves making sure that no two parts of a design occupy the same space at the same time. Automated drafting capabilities in CAD systems facilitate the design presentation, which is the final stage of the design process. CAD data, stored in computer memory, can be sent to a... 

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