Interference, between isolated periodic

D. Zeta Function and Interferences between Isolated Periodic Orbits... 

Figure Al.6.8. Wavepacket interferometry. The interference contribution to the exeited-state fluoreseenee of I2 as a fiinotion of the time delay between a pair of ultrashort pulses. The interferenee eontribution is isolated by heterodyne deteetion. Note that the stnieture in the interferogram oeeurs only at multiples of 300 fs, the exeited-state vibrational period of f. it is only at these times that the wavepaeket promoted by the first pulse is baek in the Franek-Condon region. For a phase shift of 0 between the pulses the returning wavepaeket and the newly promoted wavepaeket are in phase, leading to eonstnietive interferenee (upper traee), while for a phase shift of n the two wavepaekets are out of phase, and interfere destnietively (lower traee). Reprinted from Seherer N F et 0/1991 J. Chem. Phys. 95 1487.

Measurement of total urinary metanephrines using spectrophotometric methods has also been reported." " After sample hydrolysis and isolation of metanephrines by ion-exchange chromatography, the hydroxyl- and amino-containing side-chains were oxidatively cleaved by periodate. Oxidation of both NM and MN resulted in the formation of a common end product, vanillin, which was measured spectrophotometricafly at 360 nm. This method was, however, susceptible to interferences from other compounds such as methylglucamine and the 4-hydroxylated metabolite of propranolol." Furthermore, the method did not differentiate between NM and MN, and results were only semi-quantitative for grossly increased concentrations of total metanephrines." " ... 

Radiation scattering by an assembly of centres is also characterized by another effect related to time fluctuations concerning either the sample or the incident radiation. In fact, in the course of time, the total spin state of the neutron-nuclei system may change, and the same remark applies to the orientations of the anisotropic polarizable elements. Thus, the cross-section of the assembly of scattering centres is averaged over a period of time. Two contributions appear. The first one, which is called coherent, reveals interference effects between scattered rays. The second one, which is called incoherent, is the sum of the cross-section of the various centres (considered as isolated). 

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