Interfaces electron microscopes

Fulda and Tieke [77] studied the effect of a bidisperse-size distribution of latex particles on the structure of the resulting LB monolayer. For this purpose, a mixed colloidal solution of particles la and lb was spread at the air-water interface. Particles la had a diameter of 434 nm, particles lb of 214 nm. The monolayer was compressed, transferred onto a solid substrate, and viewed in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In Figure 10, SEM pictures of LB layers obtained from various bidisperse mixtures are shown. 

Fig. 18.7 Scanning electron microscope images showing interfaces between solid core and hollow core waveguides, (a) Top view of the interface at the end of a hollow core waveguide, (b) Side view of a solid core waveguide intersecting a hollow core waveguide...

Modem electron microscopes with field emission electron sources provide brighter and more coherent electrons. Images with information of crystal stmctures up to 1 A can be achieved. A through-focus exit wave reconstmction method was developed by Coene et al. (1992 1996) to retrieve the complete exit wave function of electrons at the exit surface of the crystal. This method can be applied to thicker crystals which can not be treated as weak-phase object. It is especially useful for stud5dng defects and interfaces (Zandbergen etal, 1999). 

Universal interface made to be compatible with any Transmission Electron Microscope (INTER1)... 

The past decade saw introduction of the low-energy electron microscope (LEEM) (12). It was expected potentially to be capable of moderately high resolution (6-mn) video-rate imaging of surfaces and interfaces. This would make it capable of studying dynamic processes at surfaces, thin-fibn growth, strain relief, etching, absorption. 

H. Ngo, G.J. Mount, M.C.R.B. Peters, A study of glass-ionomer cement and its interface with enamel and dentin using a low-temperature, high-resolution scanning electron microscopic technique. Quintessence Int. 28 (1997) 63-69. 

Another advantage of the louse is that two-dimensional coarse motions can be achieved. By placing the pocket-size STM in a vacuum chamber with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), it is possible to locate interesting features on the sample surface with the tip. This enabled several authors to locate the interface of a device, for example, Muralt et al. (1987), Salmink et al. (1989), and Albrektsen et al. (1990). 

Turner, P. S., Jones, C. F., Myhra, S., Neall, F. B., Pham, D. K. Smart, R. St. C. 1989. Dissolution mechanisms of oxides and titantate cermics - electron microscope and surface analytical studies. In Dufour, L.-C., Monty, C. Petot-Ervas, G. (eds) Surfaces and Interfaces of Ceramic... 

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