Inter-operability

Analgesic efficacy and clinical use Nalbuphine (Errick and Heel, 1983 Schmidt et al., 1985) is a medium potent opioid analgesic used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain and inter-operatively as adjunct to anesthesia. Because of its antagonistic action component, analgesia may be subject to a ceiling level. 

Denzer R. Riparbelli C. Villa M. and Guttler R. (2005). Environmental knowledge and Information Systems GIMMI Geographic information and mathematical models inter-operability. Environmental Modelling <6 Software, 20(12), 1478-1485. 

Coatings for temporary protection are called preservative or rustproof. They are to ensure anticorrosion protection of products in the course of production (inter-operational period), storage and transportation. 

Process management Monitor production and provide decision support to operators who correct and improve in-process functions. These functions may be intraoperational (focusing specifically on machines or equipment being monitored and controlled) or inter-operational (tracking the process from one operation to the next). It may include alarm management to alert factory persoimel of process changes that are outside of acceptable tolerances. 

In neurosurgery workstations can be employed in the calculation of an optimal (safest) insert path for electrodes for deep brain stimulation (DBS), based on a minimal costs path avoiding blood vessels and ventricles, and starting in a gyrus. Workstations assist in inter-operative visualization by warping the pre-operative imagery to the real situation in the patient during the operation, by intra-operative MRI, or ultrasound. 

The last published version, 3.0, issued in 2000, contains a large nurriber of changes and additions with respect to the previous ones. The DICOM standard facilitates medical imaging equipments inter-operability by specifying ... 

The assessment of colon proximal to an obstructing colonic mass has been a shortcoming of conventional colonoscopy. In the past, inter-operative palpation or post-operative colonoscopy was performed with the possibility of a second surgery required for a missed synchronous cancer or adenoma. The sensitivity of hand palpation is fairly low and intraoperative insufflation of the colon increases the risk of peritoneal contamination. 

In order for CAD applications to run across systems from various vendors, four main formats facilitate this data exchange IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification), STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data), DXF (Drawing Exchange Format), and ACIS (American Committee for Inter-operable Systems)... 

SMITH p, FLEMING GTA and CARROLL c (2008), Reducing inter-operator variation in disc diffusion assays by the inclusion of internal controls in a standard susceptibility test protocol . Aquaculture, 285,273-276. 

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