Integral gearing

Figure 1-4. Cross-seotion of an expander with integral gear for power reoovery.

The more reeent eombination of standardized eompressor modules and eustomized eomponents with integrally geared radial turbines has opened new possibilities. Integrally geared radial turboexpanders represent eonsiderable design flexibility and this, in turn, allows... 

Figure 4-36. A single integral gear box connects one or more expanders to several compressor stages. (Source GHH-Borsig.)...

In the case of nitrous acid plants, application of integrally geared process gas radial turbines and compressors are used in plants with capacities ranging from 120-600 t/day and higher. For air compression, up to three compressor stages are connected in series. To increase efficiency, the inlet temperature of the individual stages is reduced by using two external intermediate coolers. 

Figure 4-39. Integrally geared multistage compressor. (Source Demag Delaval.)...

The first documented use of dry gas seals in turboexpanders was in 1989. At that time, an ethylene plant in Scotland worked with a dry gas seal manufacturer to retrofit a turboexpander-integral gear-generator package. The partial success of that project was sufficiently encouraging for both user plant and turboexpander manufacturer to undertake a redesign of all three expander stages. Dry face or gas seals were installed at that time. 

The main power source is a 2,200 kW rated motor, which drives two high-speed pinions through integral gears. The first stage of the compressor operates at 17,900 rpm, while the second and third stages operate at 21,800 rpm. The unit is controlled by a local control system, but operators can also monitor the operating parameters from the plant control room. 

API Std 672, Packaged, Integrally Geared Centrifugal Air Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services, 3rd Edition, September... 

Figure 4-9. An oil-flooded, Integrally geared screw compressor package. Courted ofSullair)...

Another common type of compressor is manufactured in an integrally geared configuration. It is basically an overhung style machine mounted on a gear box and uses the gear pinion shaft extension to mount an... 

Figure 5-6. Flow diagram and schematic of an integrally geared compressor.

Figure 7-6. An integral geared compressor driven by a motor with an open drip-proof enclosure. The enclosure also includes 85dba sound attenuation. Courtesy of Elliott Company ...

Figure 11 3. Testing of the more standard integrally geared air compressors can be somewhat complex. Courtesy of Cooper Turbocompressor)...

API Standard 672, Packaged, Integrally Geared, Centrifugal Plant and Instrument Air Compressors for General Refinery Services, Second Edition, W shington, D C. American Petroleum Institute, 1988, Reaffirmed 199 . 

Figure 12-39C. Single-stage gas compressor with integrally geared drive shaft. (Used by permission Bui. 1.10, Jan 1994. Sunstrand Compressors, Sunstrand Fluid Handling.)...

Note Integral gear pumps are frequently utilized in low specific speed applications, where efficiency is optimized with open type impellers. 

Integral gear pumps may require partial disassembly to permit replacement of the seal assembly. 

OH4 in-line/vertical/rigidly coupled OH5 high speed integral gear/ridgidly coupled... 

Air integral gear-type compressor with open-face impellers... 

Q. E Close-coupled High-speed integrally-geared OH6... 

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