Insulation five types

BS 4840, Part 1, specifies that both types of polyurethane slab foam (Type 1. LD and HD) should have a maximum water vapor permeability normal to the major plane of the slab of 5.5 ng/(Pa s - m). BS 5241. Part 2 [26], specifies that the five types of spraycd-up rigid polyurethane and polyisocyanate foam (for thermal insulation or buoyancy applications) should have maximum values of 3.5, 5.5. or 8.5 ng (Pa s m). 

There are five types of insulation. Basic, supplementary, and reinforced insulation are most often applied for safety purposes. 

Types of Insulation Ciyogenic insiilations have generally been divided into five general categories high vacuum, multilayer insulation, powder, foam, and specif insulations. Each is discussed in turn in the following sections. 

Overseas Shipping of LNG. A key feature of most LNG carriers in operation is the. insulation system, which maintains the cargo at —162 C. In one type of ship, the cargo is carried in five tanks constructed of a thin welded membrane of special steel. Each tank is separated from the inner hull by insulating material. The small fraction of the cargo that boils off... 

LNG tanks are all double-walled because an evacuated space is required to achieve sufficient insulation to keep the LNG from vaporizing too quickly. A hold time (time from when the tank is filled to when pressure build-up requires vapor to be vented) of at least five days is required for practical LNG tanks. In addition to the evacuated interstitial space, several different types of insulation may be used. The goal is to make the conductive, convective, and radiative heat transfer into the LNG as low as possible. 

The various types of insulation used in the storage and transfer of cryogenic liquids can be divided into five categories (1) vacuum, (2) multilayer, (3) powder and fibrous, (4) foam, and (5) special. The boundaries between these... 

Formaldehyde (CH2O) release was measured for seven types of consumer products pressed wood, urea formaldehyde foam materials, clothes, insulation, paper, fabric, and carpet. A modified Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) desiccator test was used to measure release rate coefficients and to rank 53 products. Ten pressed wood products and five urea formaldehyde foam products showed the highest CH2O releases (1-34 mg m 2.day"b The remainder, representing all product types, had lower releases ranging from 680 yg m 2.day to nondetectable levels. In other studies, CH2O release was measured in a ventilated chamber for single samples of particle board, plywood, insulation, and carpet. 

Line numbers are often of the form 00"-XX-00000-X0X-X0". The first two numbers are the nominal line diameter. The next two letters show the type of process stream, such as PG for process gas. The next five digits identify the process type or area and the number of the line. The next three digits (XOX) indicate the pipe specification, and the last two digits provide information about the type of insulation. Hence the line number 12"-PG-30012-A1A-P1" tells the reader that the line has nominal diameter of 12 inches, it carries process gas, it is located in Section 30 of the facility, the line number is 012, the specification is AlA, and the line is provided with 1 inch of personnel protection insulation. 

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