Inoue Rubber

Kader M.A., Bhowmick A.K., Inoue T., and Chiba T. Morphology, mechanical and thermal behavior of acrylate rubber/fluorocarbon elastomer/poly aery late blends, J. Mat Sci., 37, 6789, 2002. 

Bhowmick A.K., Chiba T., and Inoue T., Reactive processing of rubber-plastic blend Role of a chemical compatibilizer, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 50, 2055, 1993. 

Jha A., Bhowmick A.K., Eujitsuka R., and Inoue T. Interfacial interaction and peel adhesion between polyamide and acrylate rubber in thermoplastic elastomeric blends, J. Adhes. Sci. Technol., 13(6), 649, 1999. 

N. Yamada, K. Takakura, and K. Inoue Paper presented at a meeting of the ACS Rubber Division in Dallas, 2000. 

This is a simplification of the process occurring in a curing resin-hardener system and a detailed discussion may be found in Pascault et al (2002), Williams et al (1997) and Inoue (1995). The main parameter that it is important to control in the reactive phase separation is the diameter of the elastomer particle. This is because the toughness of the resulting network is controlled by the energy-absorbing mechanisms such as particle cavitation and rubber bridging of cracks. Also of importance is the limitation of the effect of the rubber dispersed phase on the critical properties of the cured epoxy resin such as the stiffness and Tg. This will be affected by the extent to which the rubber dissolves in the matrix-rich phase. 

Relevant systems are mbber-toughened epoxy resins, high-impact acrylic (PMMA particles in mbber matrix, obtained by radical polymerization of 80/20 MMA/EVAc mixture), polyimide/silica hybrid materials (obtained using the sol-gel method), and a very high strength ( 60 MPa) mbbers (obtained by peroxide cure of a hydrogenated nitrile rubber/ zinc dimethacrylate system) [Inoue, 1995]. 

There has been the question why the TPV materials with ductile thermoplastic matrix display rubber elasticity. Several models have been suggested to answer this question (41 7). Inoue group first analyzed the origin of mbber elasticity in TPVs (43). They constructed a two-dimensional model with four EPDM mbber inclusions in ductile PP matrix and carried out the elastic-plastic analysis on the deformation mechanism of the two-phase system by finite-element method (FEM). The FEM analysis revealed that, even at highly deformed states at which almost the whole matrix has been yielded by the stress concentration, the ligament matrix between mbber inclusions in the stretching direction is locally preserved within an elastic limit and it acts as an in-situ formed adhesive for interconnecting mbber particles. 

Ishada, S., Nagasaki, R., Chino, K., Dong, T., Inoue, Y. Toughening of poly(L-lactide) by melt blending with rubbers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 113, 558-566 (2009)... 

A13. T. Asai,T. Fukui, K. Inoue, and M. Kuriyama, Paper 111 presented at International Rubber Conference, Paris, June 1982. 

T. Inoue, F. Shomura, T. Ougizawa, K. Miyasaka, Rubber Chem. Technol. 58, 873 (1985)... 

Asai, T, Fukui, T, Inoue, K., and Kuriyama, A. (1983) Proceedings International Rubber Conference, Papers III-4 Paris. 

Kikuchi, Y., Fukui, T., Okada, T. and Inoue, T. (1991) Elastic-plastic analysis of the deformation mechanism of PP-EPDM thermoplastic elastomer Origin of rubber elasticity. Polymer Engng Sci., 31, 1029-1032. 

Yamanaka. K. and Inoue, T. (1990) Phase-separation mechanism of rubber-modified epoxy./. Moter. Sci., 25 (lA), 241-245. 

Reprinted with permission from K. Inoue, Journal of the Society of the Rubber Industry, Japan, 1998, 71, 9, 534. Copyright 1998, The Society of the Rubber Industry of Japan. 

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