Inorganic hosts, polymer synthesis

Polymer Synthesis in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Hosts 11019... 

Recently, a set of papers about polymerization in nanopartides of emulsion appeared. Compartmentalization in ATRP in dispersed systems was investigated and the synthesis of polymers by intercalating monomers in layered inorganic hosts, mainly layered silicates, was described. 

Crystalline Inorganic Hosts as Media for the Synthesis of Conductive Polymers... 

There is a clear need for the synthesis and more complete characterization of new PEM polymeric materials. Polymers bearing functional moieties for proton conduction might also be designed to serve as a host for inorganic compounds to afford a proton conducting component in a blend, as well as a standalone PEM. The two current hurdles for polymeric membranes are the high protonic conductivity at low water contents (e.g. under conditions of 120 °C and... 

In any case, it is clear that, for its own nature, sol-gel material is suitable for the formation of many different composite materials [207] inorganic and organic polymers, as well as many different kinds of nano-objects possessing effective electrocatalytic properties, can find stable inclusion into a host matrix possessing all the characteristics previously listed. The most simple approach consists of adding the filler to the siliceous matrix after sol-gel formation. However, composite materials can also be obtained by synthesizing the sol-gel film in the presence of the precursor of the filler, e.g., a monomer [227] or a metal complex [228]. The synthesis of the composite material is finalized in a subsequent step, e.g. by a chemical oxidation or reduction, leading to polymer chains or metal nanoparticles, respectively, included inside the sol-gel matrix. 

Semiconductor particles can also be used advantageously in coating applications to provide specific optical response to the material. As an example, Kumacheva et al. recently described the synthesis of monodisperse nanocomposite particles with inorganic CdS nanocrystals sandwiched between a PMMA core and a P(MMA-co-BA) outer copolymer shell layer. The particles are prepared by emulsion polymerization in three steps (Fig. 4.21) [144]. In a first step, polymer latexes are used as host matrices for CdS nanocrystals formation [145,146]. To do so, monodisperse poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PMMA-PMAA) latex particles were ion-exchanged with a Cd(Cl04)2 solution. The Cd + ions thus introduced into the electrical double layer were further reduced into CdS nanoclusters by addition of a Na2S solution. The CdS-loaded nanocomposite particles were subsequently recov-... 

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