Influencing factors bath solution

If the conductance of the electrolyte is low, the current lines will tend to concentrate on the parts of the cathode nearest the anode and the throwing power will be bad. With a solution of good conductance, however, there will be no particular preference, as far as this factor is concerned, for one portion of the cathode over any other high conductance will thus improve throwing power. The conductance of an electrolytic bath is generally so good, however, that there is no noticeable influence on the throwing power. 

The solvents used for electrodeposition resins perform three functions. First, the solvent facilitates handling during the preparation of the aqueous solution since these carboxyl containing materials are either resinous or sticky semi-solids. Second, the solvent may accompany the vehicle during deposition and therefore can influence the flow characteristics during post-deposition bake or cure. Third, the solvent can confer better water solubility characteristics on the resin and thus help to maintain bath stability, a factor of prime importance in electrocoating. 

Another disturbing factor in the course of copper determination in plating baths is the presence of chloride ions in high concentrations. In its presence complicated redox and complexation reactions influence the electrode response and result in irreproducible and unstable potentials of the indicator electrode. The more comprehensive study of the electrode behaviour in the presence of thiosulphate has indicated that the parasitic effect of chloride can be completely eliminated. Therefore such conditions were selected for determination of copper in plating baths. Electrode potential in thiosulphate solution is given by the equation ... 

There are a number of other parameters, in addition to those listed, such as the use of additives (low molecular weight as well as high molecular weight components), the molecular weight distribution, the ability to crystallise or aggregate, the temperature of the polymer solution and of the coagulation bath, etc., that also influence the ultimate structure obtained after phase inversion. These latter factors will not be considered here. 

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