Inferior thyroid artery

The thyroid gland consists of two lobes connected by an isthmus and is positioned on the ventral surface of the trachea just below the larynx. It receives adrenergic fibers from the cervical ganglion and cholinergic fibers from the vagus and is profusely vascularized by the superior and inferior thyroid arteries. Histologically, thyroid tissue is composed of numerous follicles lined by a single layer of epithelial cells around a lumen filled with proteinaceous material called colloid. 

Pretherapeutic evaluation of the thyrolaryngeal tumors should include conventional radiograms, CT, ultrasound and radionuclide scanning. The highly vascularized tumors of this region are usually supplied by the superior and inferior thyroidal arteries and are the most likely involved in the endovascular treatment. These arteries are usually widely selected for endovascular embolization of other head and neck tumors due to the collateral supply to the floor of the mouth and the carotid region. 

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