Infectious diseases throat

Eye, nose, and throat irritation dizziness lethargy fever. May act as asthma trigger may transmit humidifier fever influenza, common cold, tuberculosis and other infectious diseases. 

MANAGING INFECTION. The nurse should report any slight rise in temperature, sore throat, or other signs of infection to the primary health care provider as soon as possible because of a possible decreased resistance to infection during glucocorticoid therapy. Nursing personnel and visitors with any type of infection or recent exposure to an infectious disease should avoid patient contact. 

The same phenomenon arises when antibiotics are administered to children with infectious diseases, such as strep throat. Every parent understands that if a child in a congregate setting, such as daycare, is left untreated, others may become sick. The use of an antibiotic in such a setting may not only treat the child, but help break the chain of transmission, thereby reducing the chance that other children will become ill. Thus antibiotics, like vaccinations, can confer public benefits. 

Numerous other viral and bacterial infectious diseases with malaise, headache, fever, myalgia, sore throat, early in course. 

Immunology/infectious diseases Diseases affecting the defense mechanisms of the body. Studies in this area include AIDS, auto-immune diseases, bacterial infections, chronic fatigue syndrome, common cold, genital herpes, genital warts, hepatitis, HIV infections, immunosuppressive, influenza, lyme disease, meningitis, parasite and protozoan infections, strep throat, vaccines, viral infections, and others. 

Antibiotics often are used prophylactically, such as in preoperative bowel sanitization and orally for treatment of viral sore throats. These are not sound practices, because the patient is exposed to the possibility both of drug-associated side effects and a suprainfection by drug-resistant microorganisms. Moreover, the therapeutic gain from such practices often is marginal. As frustrating as this may be to the infectious diseases specialist, however, these are common medical practices and, hence, are difficult to stop. 

Nicolau DP, Nightingale CH, Quintilian R. Continuous infusion 3-lactams a pharmacodynamic approach. Infect Dis Clin Pract 1996 5(7) 432-434. Quintiliani R, Nicolau DP, Nightingale CH. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles in antibiotic usage. In Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Therapy of the Ears, Nose and Throat. Philadelphia WB Saunders, 1997 48-55. Niederman MS. Principles of antibiotic use and the selection of empiric therapy for pneumonia. In Fishman AP, Elias JA, Fishman JA, Grippi MA, Kaiser LR, Senior RM, eds. Fishman s Pulmonary Disease and Disorders. 3rd ed. New York McGraw-Hill, 1998 1939-1957. 

---