Inert gas atmosphere argon

The investigations focus on adhesive interactions and structure formation of the polyurethane components and reaction products themselves. Therefore, the resulting model adhesive differs from commercially available formulations by the lack of any further additives or filler particles. The experiments are performed in inert gas atmosphere (argon or dried air with dew point=-70 °C) to avoid parasitic reactions of isocyanate groups with water and to guarantee reproducible properties of the polymer material. 

The crosslink structure was analyzed and quantified by thiol-amine analysis, which is based on treatment of the crosslinked material with a set of thiol-amine chemical probes, specifically cleaving particular crosslinks types [23], Polysulfide crosslinks are cleaved by treatment of crosslinked rubber samples with 2-propanethiol (0.4 M) and piperidine (0.4 M) in toluene for 2 h under inert gas atmosphere (argon) at room temperature, while polysulfide and disulfide crosslinks can be cleaved by treatment under the same conditions with 1-dodecanethiol (1 M) in piperidine for 72 h. 

Prepare a liposome suspension, containing PE, at a total-lipid concentration of 5mg/ml in 0.1M sodium phosphate, 0.15M NaCl, pH 6.8. Maintain all lipid-containing solutions under an inert gas atmosphere. Degas all buffers and bubble them with nitrogen or argon prior to use. 

Propylene carbonate [108-32-7] M 102.1, b 110°/0.5-lmm, 238-239°/760mm, d 1.204, n 1.423. Manufactured by reaction of 1,2-propylene oxide with CO2 in the presence of a catalyst (quaternary ammonium halide). Contaminants include propylene oxide, carbon dioxide, 1,2- and 1,3-propanediols, allyl alcohol and ethylene carbonate. It can be purified by percolation through molecular sieves (Linde 5A, dried at 350° for 14h under a stream of argon), followed by distn under vac. [Jasinski and Kirkland AC 39 163 1967], It can be stored over molecular sieves under an inert gas atmosphere. When purified in this way it contains less... 

Diethyl ether is dried over sodium benzophenone and is freshly distilled under argon immediately before use. The reaction product is extremely sensitive to moisture and should be handled under an inert gas atmosphere. 

The best results were obtained in an argon atmosphere, although from the stability of the product it seems most likely that an inert gas atmosphere is not... 

The electrochemical properties of ILs studied are mainly their ionic conductivity, transference munber, and potential window. These electrochemical properties differ in accord with factors such as moisture absorption, experimental atmosphere, and electrode species. Therefore the conductivity measurements must be made under consistent conditions. Often, electrochemical measurements and construction of electrochemical cells are performed in a glove box filled with an inert gas (usually argon). 

Most of the cationic polymerizations and the polymer syntheses thereby, discussed in Chapters 4 and 5, may be carried out conveniently under the dry and inert gas atmosphere (nitrogen or argon) by the so-called syringe technique. Except for highly elaborated kinetic experiments, stringent high-vacuum technique is not required to maintain the control of the polymerizations and polymer architectures. 

The metastable atoms that must be produced in the argon and helium detectors need not necessarily be generated from electrons induced by radioactive decay. Electrons can be generated by electric discharge or photometrically, which can then be accelerated in an inert gas atmosphere under an appropriate electrical potential to produce metastable atoms. This procedure is the basis of a highly sensitive helium detector that is depicted on the left-hand side of Fig. 1. The detector does not depend solely on metastable helium atoms for ionization and, for this reason, is called the helium discharge ionization detector (HDID). 

---