Inequality between nations

Our hopes for the future condition of the human race can be subsumed under three important heads the abolition of inequality between nations the progress of equality within a single people and the true perfection of man. Will all nations one day attain that state of civilisation which the most enlightened, the freest and the least burdened by prejudices, such as the French and the Anglo-Americans, have attained already Will the vast gulf that separates these peoples from the slavery of nations under the rule of monarchs, from the barbarism of African tribes, from the ignorance of savages, little by little disappear ... 

Infectious diseases are largely responsible for the health inequalities between developing nations and developed nations. More than 70 per cent of the world s HIV/ AIDS cases and 90 per cent of the world s malaria infections occur in Africa. Ninety per cent of the deaths from TB and diarrhea each year occur in the developing world (lOWH 2005). The average HALE at birth was 38.7 in Chad, 33.2 in Ethiopia, 29.8 in Malawi,... 

The differences in health between the developing and developed nations are an important problem for theories of international justice. Are these differences just or unjust If they are unjust, how should they be addressed What moral obligations do developed nations have toward developing nations Do developing nations have an obligation to take steps to reduce global health inequalities This chapter will examine these and other questions related to global justice and access to medications. 

Each nation had a warrior chieftain, and as the nation was made up of different tribes, each tribe had its chieftain. In almost all cases this honour belonged to certain families. The heads of families who owned large herds and many slaves, and employed many poorer men, shared the authority of the leaders of the tribe, just as the latter shared their authority with the leaders of the nation when age, experience and military repute merited that honour. It is to this stage of society s development that we can trace the origin of slavery and of the inequality of political rights between grown men. 

South Africa. In 1994, the new African National Congress government, fulfilling its mandate to remove the inequities of the apartheid era, introduced free health services for pregnant women and children under five. In 1998, the government extended fee provision to all those using public primary health care services. The removal of fees led to an increase in service utilization, but health workers felt that they were not prepared for the changes, which resulted in unnecessary tensions between workers and patients. 

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