Indium chloride InCl

Indium(III) chloride InCl, -86 Magnesium carbonate MgCO, -32.4... 

One notable result is the treatment of 2-hydroxy cyclic ether analog, 2-deoxy-D-ribose with aniline in water catalyzed by InCls to afford the novel tricyclic tetrahydroquinoline compounds (Eq. 12.60). The reaction can also be catalyzed by recoverable cation-exchange resin instead of indium chloride.By using a stoichiometric amount of indium metal, a domino reaction of nitroarenes with 2,3-dihydrofuran generates the same products. 

A study of the composition of the vapour of the indium chlorides In Cl , In Cl3 /2j InwCl2n has been made using positive- and negative-ion mass spectrometry. Thus In Cl3 /2 was shown to contain the molecules InCl, InClg, In2Cl2, and IngClg. ... 

Indium(I) chloride InCl -30 Lithium hydroxide (aq) LiOH -12.3... 

If there is a problem of chemical stability or hygroscopidty AXn of certain salts (e.g. as the indium chloride or zinc chloride) we can do forming potential without salt. Synthesis of indium monochloride (InCl) is carried out inside the cell by the interaction of hydrogen chloride absorbed by the electrolyte, with metallic indium ... 

Halides. Indium trichloride [10025-83-8] InCl, can be made by heating indium in excess chlorine or by chlorinating lower chlorides. It is a white crystalline soHd, deUquescent, soluble in water, and has a high vapor pressure. InCl forms chloroindates, double salts with chlorides of alkaLi metals, and organic bases. 

Indium dichlotide [13465-11 -7/, InCl, made by heating indium in hydrogen chloride or by reduction of InCl iu H2/HCI, forms colorless crystals. Indium monochloride [13465-10-6] InCl, can be formed by passing InCl vapor over heating indium. 

Later, Araki et al. found that the allylation of aldehydes and ketones can be carried out by using catalytic amounts of indium(III) chloride in combination with aluminum or zinc metal.109 This reaction was typically performed in a THF-water (5 2) mixture at room temperature, although the conversion was much slower compared to the same reaction mediated by use of a stoichiometric amount of indium and it required days to complete. When the reaction was carried out in anhydrous THF alone, the yield dropped considerably and side-reactions such as reduction to alcohol increased. The combinations of Al-InCL or Zn-InCl3 gave comparable results. 

The pentacoordinated indium(m) compound 13 has a quasi-square-pyramidal environment rather than trigonal bipyramidal with a short indium-axial iodine bond distance (2.713 A) as compared to those in equatorial positions (2.780 A) <1998EJI203>. An example of pseudooctahedral coordination around an indium(m) center can be given by the [(bipy)InCl(SC 0 Ph)2] structure in which the indium center is coordinated to a planar bipyridine ligand, a chloride ion, and two thiobenzoate anions <2002MI467>. Of the latter, one thiobenzoate ligand binds in a bidentate fashion, while the other is bonded mainly through the sulfur atom. 

The synthesis of (t-Bu2As)3ln via a salt-elimination process has also been reported. " The stibido indium(III) complex [(t-Bu2Sb)2lnCl]2 (30) was obtained by the interaction of InCls with [t-Bu2SbSiMe3]2. The X-ray crystal structure reveals that it is a dimer with stibido groups, rather than chlorides, acting as bridges. 

Reductions. The InCIj-Bu SnH/PhjP combination (catalytic in indium) reduces acid chlorides to aldehydes." Aryl ketones and secondary benzyl alcohols are deoxygenated with hydrosilanes using InCl, as cataly.st." Deoxygenative allylation of aryl ketones occurs when allyltrimethylsilane is added. ... 

The chlorides of indium are of considerable historical interest. Kekul regarded valency as a fundamental property of the atom, as unchangeable and invariable as the atomic weight. This view he retained to the last. Apparent exceptions certainly existed. Carbon monoxide could, however, readily be explained on the assumption that the two unused valencies of the carbon atom saturate each other mercurous salts, such as the chloride, possessed the double formula, Cl-Hg-Hg-Cl, and so on. In 1888, however, Nilson and Pettersson showed that three distinct chlorides of indium can exist in the vapour state. To these they gave the formulas InCl, InCl2 and... 

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