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INDEX strength function

For instance, Wilkinson found that people are much more likely to feel trustful towards others in those US states in which income differences were smaller. Similarly, the hostility scores for 10 US cities found by R. B. Williams et al. (1995) were related to city mortality rates (r = —0.9), which have also been found to be related to the extent of income inequality in those cities. In addition, R. D. Putnam studied the functioning of regional governments in Italy, and notes that his index of civic community (measure of the strength... [Pg.71]

Rates of model reactions are more commonly used to determine relative rather than absolute surface acidities and a variety of acid-catalyzed reactions have been used for this purpose (1-3). Xylene isomerization is a particularly well-substantiated model reaction, thanks to work by Ward and Hansford (43). They demonstrated that the conversion of o-xylene to p- and /n-xylenes over a series of synthetic silica-alumina catalysts increases as the alumina content is increased from 1 to 7%. The number of strong Brdnsted acids in each member of the catalyst series was measured by means of infrared spectroscopy. Since conversion of o-xylene was found to be a straight-line function of the number of Br0nsted acids (see Fig. 9), rate of xylene isomerization appears to be a valid index of the amount of surface acidity for this catalyst series. This correlation also indicates that the acid strengths of these silica-alumina preparations are roughly equivalent. [Pg.113]

Although only a1 and e are used as additional descriptors so far, some others might be useful in the future. One of the most apparent is the local electronic polarizability of the molecule in the vicinity of a surface segment i, which we may represent by a local refractive index n,. Such local polarizability or local refractive index would allow for a refinement of the electrostatic misfit term, which presently only takes into account an average electronic polarizability of organic molecules. It is also likely that the local electronic polarizability is of importance to the strength of hydrogen bonds, which so far in COSMO-RS are only a function of polarity. Finally, from a physical perspective, the vdW interactions should be a function of the local polarizability as well. [Pg.112]

M 1] [P 1] The mixing index, defined via coefficients of the electric field, increased as a function of the field strength for DC operation and then approached a plateau at about 7 105 V mT1 [91]. As threshold value for initiation of mixing a field intensity of 2 105 V m-1 was detected. [Pg.16]

Figure 5. Theoretical efficiencies of thick refractive-index gratings as functions of the grating strength, v. (See eqs. 2-4.)... Figure 5. Theoretical efficiencies of thick refractive-index gratings as functions of the grating strength, v. (See eqs. 2-4.)...
Figure 6.4-5 Simulated spectra of a strong oscillator (strength/ = 200 10 cm with resonance at t> real and imaginary part of the dielectric function = s + k", refractive index n and absorption index k, ellipsometric parameters A and ip, as well as reflectance R for the angles of incidence and the polarization states stated. Figure 6.4-5 Simulated spectra of a strong oscillator (strength/ = 200 10 cm with resonance at t> real and imaginary part of the dielectric function = s + k", refractive index n and absorption index k, ellipsometric parameters A and ip, as well as reflectance R for the angles of incidence and the polarization states stated.
This chapter demonstrates the usefulness of BasicBiochemDataS (1). In the future this database can be extended and many reactions can be added to this list of 229 enzyme-catalyzed reactions. At the present time Af is known for the species of 94 reactants. Future measurements of A, // ° and enthalpies of dissociation of weak acids will be used to calculate Af H° of species of more reactants so that the effects of temperature can be calculated for more reactions. When more heat capacities of species have been determined, it will be possible to make calculations of K over wider ranges of temperature. BasicBiochemDataS contains functions of pH and ionic strength for A, G ° of these 229 enzyme-catalyzed reactions so that A, G ° and A, A h can be calculated for these reactions at 298.15 K, pHs in the range 5 to 9, and ionic strengths in the range zero to 0.35 M. The index given in the Appendix lists the EC numbers for reactions that involve these 167 reactants. [Pg.310]

Definition of Kerr Constants. In the presence of an external electric field E, the electric pemuttivity e( ) and magnetic permeability n(E) become functions of the field strength. As a consequence the refractive index n also depends on E ... [Pg.152]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.138 ]




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