In vitro mutagenicity assay

Simon, V.F. 1979a. In vitro mutagenicity assays of chemical carcinogens and related compounds with Salmonella typhimurium. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 62 893-899. 

Some modifications to current in vivo testing methods both can and should be adopted. A current example of this would be in medical devices where a substantial portion of the requirements under the governing regulatory (ISO 10993) can be met with in vitro alternatives (cytogenicity, muscle cell implantation, the limulus test for pyrogens, and in vitro mutagenicity assays). 

Propionic acid does not appear to be geno-toxic. In vitro mutagenicity assays with propionic acid, using Salmonella typhimurium or Saccharcmyces cerevisiae, were negative with or without metabolic activation. ... 

Other in vivo somatic cell genotoxicity tests which are supported by positive results from in vitro mutagenicity assays. 

As noted above, in vitro studies of the selectivity of imadocloprid for nicotinic receptors has been useful in explaining its selective toxicity. In vitro mutagenic assays were all negative. 

In vitro mutagenicity assays yielded negative (not mutagenic) results in the Salmonellalmicrosome... 

In vitro mutagenicity assays with Salmonella typhi-murium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were conducted to evaluate the potential toxicity of APFO. All in vitro assays were negative for APFO mutagenicity. 

Benigni R, Andreoli C, and Giuliani A, Relationships among in vitro mutagenicity assays Quantitative vs. qualitative test results, Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 26, 155, 1995. 

Benigni R, Relationships between in vitro mutagenicity assays, Mutagenesis, 7, 335,1992. 

According to the EPA (2000), diazinon has been shown to be nonmutagenic in both in vivo and in vitro mutagenicity assays, Bianchi-Santamaria et ai (1997) demonstrated that diazinon produced a stati.stically significant increase in micronucleated human lymphocytes in vivo, but not in a dosc-dependent manner. In CD-I mice, no significant... 

Simmon, V.F., In vivo and In vitro Mutagenicity Assays of Selected Pesticides, In ProceedIngs of the Conference A Rational Evaluation of Pestlcldal vs. MutagenIc/CarclnogenIc Action, Rethesda, Md.,... 

It is most important—but outside the scope of this article—that such comparisons of spontaneous and induced mutation rates both in vitro and in vivo (e.g., Russell s, 1951, specific-locus system in mice) be extended. In this manner, one of the chasms separating in vitro mutagen assays and mutagenic effects in man (namely, the differences between the mutagen response of mammalian somatic cells in vitro and that of the whole mammal) can be bridged. 

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