In rodenticides

Uses. Tballium compounds have limited use in industrial appHcations. The use of thaHous sulfate in rodenticides and insecticides has been replaced by other compounds less harmful to animals (see Insect control technology Pesticides). Tb allium sulfide has been used in photoelectric cells (see Photovoltaic cells). A thallium bromide—thallium iodide mixture is used to transmit infrared radiation for signal systems. ThaHous oxide is used in the manufacture of glass (qv) that has a high coefficient of refraction. Tb allium formate—malonate aqueous solutions (Cletici s solution) have been used in mineral separations. Many thallium compounds have been used as reagents in organic synthesis in researchlaboratoti.es. 

Selected physical properties of naphthaleneamines and naphthalenediamines are listed in Table 3. They are used in rodenticides. rubber antioxidants, dye intermediates, insecticides, herbicides, pharmaceuticals, chemical manufacture, and colorants. 

For a number of years, thallium sulfate had been used in rodenticides. Some use of thallium has been made in connection with alloys for low-temperature applications, particularly for switches, seals, and thermometers. The ternary eutectic mercury-thallium-indium alloy has a freezing point of —63.3 JCt while the binary eutectic mercury-thallium alloy has a freezing point of — 60°C. These freezing points are considerably lower than that of mercury usually used for similar applications at higher temperatures. Mercury freezes at —38.87JC. 

Vitamin K is also an antagonist of warfarin, which is sometimes used in rodenticides, Pets that have been exposed to warfarin-containing poisons may be saved from death by internal hemorrhaging through the immediate administration of vitamin K,... 

Prussian bfoe (pocassium ferric hexacyanoferrate) thallium (in rodenticides) Potassium exchanges for thallium... 

Bai and Majumder investigated the optimum concentration of 15 that could be incorporated in rodenticidal baits (zinc phosphide), which will not affect the toxicity or palatability of the baits, but which will induce vomiting when it is ingested accidently by the nontarget species. The experimental results are as follows Zinc phosphide alone at 1.0% resulted in 100% mortality of test rats within 18 hours of feeding. Although the... 

Reports of toxicity in humans have not been widely documented. The very low concentrations of bromethalin (0.005% or 0.01%) in rodenticide products... 

Robinson, C.A. Mungall, D. Poon, M.C. Quantitation of plasma warfarin concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography. Ther.Drug Monit., 1981, 3, 287-290 Trujillo, W.A. Determination of warfarin and sulfaquinoxaline in rodenticide concentrates by HPLC. J.Liq.Chromatogr., 1980, 3, 1219-1226... 

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